PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 128057 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Permian of Western Europe	Devonian of Eastern North America		Cambrian of Britain		Permian of the Russian Platform
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Zechstein							254.14
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Zechstein					Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian			Rotliegendes						Severodvinian	259.51
				Wordian									Urzhumian	264.28
				Roadian								Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
				Roadian								Kazanian	Sokian	270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian								Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
													Filipovian	276.5 *
													Saraninian	280.1 *
				Artinskian			Autunian					Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
													Irginian	285.9 *
													Burtsevian	287.8 *
				Sakmarian								Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
				Sakmarian								Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
				Asselian								Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
													Uskalykian	294.8
													Surenian	297.5
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
				Kasimovian										303.7
				Moscovian										307
				Bashkirian										315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
				Visean										330.9
				Tournaisian										346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway						358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian				West Fallsian/Sonyean						372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian				Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian					382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Southwoodian	Cazenovian					387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian				Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian					393.3
				Pragian										407.6
				Lochkovian										410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
			Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian										427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian										433.4
				Aeronian										438.5
				Rhuddanian										440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian										443.8
				Katian										445.2
				Sandbian										453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										458.4
			Middle Ordovician	Dapingian										467.3
			Early Ordovician	Floian										470
			Early Ordovician	Tremadocian										477.7
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan			485.4
				Stage 10							Festiniogian			489.2 *
				Jiangshanian							Festiniogian			489.5
				Jiangshanian							Maentwrogian			493.1 *
				Paibian							Maentwrogian			494
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian						St Davids				497
				Drumian										500.5
				Wuliuan										504.5
			Series 2	Stage 4						Caerfai				509
			Series 2	Stage 3										514
			Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
			Terreneuvian	Fortunian										529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran			Vendian †	Poundian †								538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran			Vendian †	Wonokan †								571.7 *
														635