PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 126764 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Precambrian of Russia	North American Land Mammal Ages	Devonian of Czechoslovakia
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan		Saintaugustinean		0
				Meghalayan		Santarosean		0.0004
				Northgrippian				0.0042
				Greenlandian				0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				0.0117
				Late Pleistocene		Rancholabrean		0.014
				Chibanian		Rancholabrean		0.129
				Chibanian		Irvingtonian		0.21
				Calabrian		Irvingtonian		0.774
				Calabrian		Blancan		1.4
				Gelasian				1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian				2.58
				Zanclean				3.6
				Zanclean		Hemphillian		4.7
			Miocene	Messinian				5.333
				Tortonian				7.246
				Tortonian		Clarendonian		9.4
				Serravallian		Clarendonian		11.63
				Serravallian		Barstovian		12.5
				Langhian				13.82
				Burdigalian				15.98
						Hemingfordian		16.3
						Arikareean		18.5
				Aquitanian				20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				23.03
				Rupelian				27.82
						Whitneyan		29.5
						Orellan		31.8
			Eocene	Priabonian		Chadronian		33.9
				Priabonian		Duchesnean		37
				Bartonian		Duchesnean		37.71
				Bartonian		Uintan		39.7
				Lutetian		Uintan		41.2
				Lutetian		Bridgerian		46.2
				Ypresian		Bridgerian		47.8
						Wasatchian		50.5
						Clarkforkian		54.9
			Paleocene	Thanetian		Clarkforkian		56
				Thanetian		Tiffanian		56.2
				Selandian		Tiffanian		59.2
				Selandian		Torrejonian		60.9
				Danian		Torrejonian		61.6
				Danian		Puercan		63.8
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				66
				Campanian				72.1
				Santonian				83.6
				Coniacian				86.3
				Turonian				89.8
				Cenomanian				93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian				100.5
				Aptian				113
				Barremian				121.4
				Hauterivian				125.77
				Valanginian				132.6
				Berriasian				139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				145
				Kimmeridgian				149.2
				Oxfordian				154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
				Bathonian				165.3
				Bajocian				168.2
				Aalenian				170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian				174.7
				Pliensbachian				184.2
Sinemurian				192.9
Hettangian				199.5
Triassic		Late Triassic	Rhaetian	201.4
			Norian	208.5
			Carnian	227
		Middle Triassic	Ladinian	237
		Middle Triassic	Anisian	242
		Early Triassic	Olenekian	247.2
		Early Triassic	Induan	251.2
Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	251.902
		Lopingian	Wuchiapingian	254.14
		Guadalupian	Capitanian	259.51
			Wordian	264.28
			Roadian	266.9
		Cisuralian	Kungurian	273.01
			Artinskian	283.5
			Sakmarian	290.1
			Asselian	293.52
	Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	298.9
			Kasimovian	303.7
			Moscovian	307
			Bashkirian	315.2
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
			Visean	330.9
			Tournaisian	346.7
	Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian	Srbsko	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Chotec	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian	Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
			Pragian	Pragian	407.6
			Lochkovian	Lochkovian	410.8
	Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
		Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
			Aeronian		438.5
			Rhuddanian		440.8
	Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		443.8
			Katian		445.2
			Sandbian		453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian		470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
	Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		485.4
			Jiangshanian		489.5
			Paibian		494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian		497
			Drumian		500.5
			Wuliuan		504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4		509
		Series 2	Stage 3		514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2		521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian		529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran				Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian					635
		Tonian					720
		Tonian				Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian				Karatau	1000
		Stenian				Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian				Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian				Burzyan	1375
								1400