PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Precambrian of Russia	Cambrian Epochs	Permian of North America		Silurian of North America
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Capitanian					259.51
				Wordian			Wordian					264.28
				Roadian			Roadian					266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian			Leonardian	Cathedralian				273.01
				Kungurian				Hessian				281.9 *
				Artinskian				Hessian				283.5
				Artinskian			Wolfcampian	Lenoxian				286.1 *
				Sakmarian				Lenoxian				290.1
				Asselian				Nealian				293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
				Kasimovian								303.7
				Moscovian								307
				Bashkirian								315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
				Visean								330.9
				Tournaisian								346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
				Pragian								407.6
				Lochkovian								410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli						Cayugan			419.2
			Pridoli						Niagaran			422.5 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
			Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian						Lockportian		427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian						Ontarian		433.4
				Aeronian								438.5
											Alexandrian	438.7 *
									Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
												440.7 *
				Rhuddanian								440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								443.8
				Katian								445.2
				Sandbian								453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								458.4
			Middle Ordovician	Dapingian								467.3
			Early Ordovician	Floian								470
			Early Ordovician	Tremadocian								477.7
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Late Cambrian						485.4
				Jiangshanian								489.5
				Paibian								494
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Middle Cambrian						497
				Drumian								500.5
				Wuliuan								504.5
			Series 2	Stage 4		Early Cambrian						509
			Series 2	Stage 3								514
			Terreneuvian	Stage 2								521
			Terreneuvian	Fortunian								529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran			Vendian							538.8
		Cryogenian										635
		Tonian										720
		Tonian			Karatau							800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian			Karatau							1000
		Stenian			Yurmatian							1100
		Ectasian			Yurmatian							1200
		Ectasian			Burzyan							1375
												1400