PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 126844 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Precambrian of Russia	Carboniferous Subepochs	Neogene Mammal Ages of China
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Nihewanian	0.0117
				Chibanian				0.129
				Calabrian				0.774
				Gelasian				1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Yushean	2.58
				Zanclean			Yushean	3.6
				Zanclean			Baodean	4.9
			Miocene	Messinian				5.333
				Tortonian				7.246
				Tortonian			Tunggurian	11.1
				Serravallian			Tunggurian	11.63
				Langhian			Shanwangian	13.82
				Burdigalian			Shanwangian	15.98
				Burdigalian			Xiejiaan	16.9
				Aquitanian			Xiejiaan	20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian				27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian				33.9
				Bartonian				37.71
				Lutetian				41.2
				Ypresian				47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian				56
				Selandian				59.2
				Danian				61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				66
				Campanian				72.1
				Santonian				83.6
				Coniacian				86.3
				Turonian				89.8
				Cenomanian				93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian				100.5
				Aptian				113
				Barremian				121.4
				Hauterivian				125.77
				Valanginian				132.6
				Berriasian				139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				145
				Kimmeridgian				149.2
				Oxfordian				154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
				Bathonian				165.3
				Bajocian				168.2
				Aalenian				170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian				174.7
				Pliensbachian				184.2
				Sinemurian				192.9
				Hettangian				199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				201.4
				Norian				208.5
				Carnian				227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian				237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian				242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian				247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan				251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
				Wordian				264.28
				Roadian				266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
				Artinskian				283.5
				Sakmarian				290.1
				Asselian				293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Late Pennsylvanian		298.9
Kasimovian				303.7		Late Pennsylvanian
Moscovian				Middle Pennsylvanian	307
Bashkirian				Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
Mississippian			Serpukhovian	Late Mississippian	323.2
			Visean	Middle Mississippian	330.9
			Tournaisian	Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian		358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian		372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
			Pragian		407.6
			Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian		Pridoli			419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
		Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
			Aeronian		438.5
			Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		443.8
			Katian		445.2
			Sandbian		453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian		470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10		485.4
			Jiangshanian		489.5
			Paibian		494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian		497
			Drumian		500.5
			Wuliuan		504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4		509
		Series 2	Stage 3		514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2		521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian		529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran				Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian					635
		Tonian					720
		Tonian				Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian				Karatau	1000
		Stenian				Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian				Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian				Burzyan	1375
								1400