PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127017 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Precambrian of Russia	Permian of the Pamirs	Permian of China	Cambrian of Australia	Permian of Western Europe	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Neogene Mammal Ages of China
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									Nihewanian	0.0117
				Chibanian										0.129
				Calabrian										0.774
				Gelasian										1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian						Tertiary †			Yushean	2.58
				Zanclean									Yushean	3.6
				Zanclean									Baodean	4.9
			Miocene	Messinian										5.333
				Tortonian										7.246
				Tortonian									Tunggurian	11.1
				Serravallian									Tunggurian	11.63
				Langhian									Shanwangian	13.82
				Burdigalian									Shanwangian	15.98
				Burdigalian									Xiejiaan	16.9
				Aquitanian									Xiejiaan	20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian										27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
				Bartonian										37.71
				Lutetian										41.2
				Ypresian										47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian										56
				Selandian										59.2
				Danian										61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										66
				Campanian										72.1
				Santonian										83.6
				Coniacian										86.3
				Turonian										89.8
				Cenomanian										93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian										100.5
				Aptian										113
				Barremian										121.4
				Hauterivian										125.77
				Valanginian										132.6
				Berriasian										139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										145
				Kimmeridgian										149.2
				Oxfordian										154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
				Bathonian										165.3
				Bajocian										168.2
				Aalenian										170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
				Pliensbachian										184.2
				Sinemurian										192.9
				Hettangian										199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian										201.4
				Norian										208.5
				Carnian										227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian										237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian										242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian										247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan										251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian	Meishanian							251.902
				Changhsingian		Dorashamian	Baoqingian							253.4 *
				Wuchiapingian		Dzhulfian	Laoshanian		Zechstein		Longtanian †			254.14
				Wuchiapingian		Dzhulfian	Laibinian		Zechstein		Longtanian †			257.7 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian		Midian	Lengwuan		Rotliegendes					259.51
				Wordian		Midian	Kuhfengian							264.28
				Wordian		Murgabian								266.2 *
				Roadian		Murgabian								266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian		Kubergandian	Luodianian							273.01
				Kungurian		Bolorian								279.8
Artinskian				Autunian	283.5
					Longlinian		285.4 *
						Yakhtashian	286
Sakmarian						Sakmarian	290.1
Asselian					Asselian	Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Zisongian	298.9
			Gzhelian				300.1
			Kasimovian				303.7
			Moscovian				307
			Bashkirian				315.2
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
			Visean				330.9
			Tournaisian				346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
			Pragian				407.6
			Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian		Pridoli					Ohesaare	419.2
		Pridoli					Kaugetuma	421.7 *
		Ludlow	Ludfordian				Kuressaare	423
			Ludfordian				Paadla	423.4 *
			Gorstian				Paadla	425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian				Rootsikula	427.4
			Homerian				Jaagarahu	429.2 *
			Sheinwoodian				Jaagarahu	430.5
			Sheinwoodian				Jaani	431.8 *
		Llandovery	Telychian				Jaani	433.4
			Telychian				Adavere	434 *
			Aeronian				Adavere	438.5
			Aeronian				Raikkula	439.4 *
			Rhuddanian				Raikkula	440.8
			Rhuddanian				Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					443.8
			Katian					445.2
			Sandbian					453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian					470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10					Datsonian	485.4
			Stage 10					Payntonian	486.8 *
			Jiangshanian					Iverian	489.5
			Paibian					Idamean	494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Mindyallan	Series 3 †	497
			Guzhangian					Boomerangian		499
			Drumian					Undillan		500.5
			Drumian					Floran		503
			Wuliuan					Templetonian		Stage 5 †	504.5
			Wuliuan					Ordian		Stage 5 †	507.8 *
		Series 2	Stage 4					Ordian			509
			Stage 4								510.8 *
	Stage 3		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian											635
		Tonian											720
		Tonian										Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian										Karatau	1000
		Stenian										Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian										Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian										Burzyan	1375
														1400