International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
- B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126764 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cenozoic Subepochs | Mammal Paleogene Zones | Permian of Western Europe | Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia | Ordovician of China | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||
| Chibanian | Middle Pleistocene | 0.129 | ||||||||||
| Calabrian | Early Pleistocene | 0.774 | ||||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Late Pliocene | 2.58 | ||||||||
| Zanclean | Early Pliocene | 3.6 | ||||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Late Miocene | 5.333 | |||||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||||
| Serravallian | Middle Miocene | 11.63 | ||||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||||
| Burdigalian | Early Miocene | 15.98 | ||||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | Late Oligocene | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | Tabenbulakian | Hsandagolian | 23.03 | ||||
| Rupelian | Early Oligocene | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | Kekeamuan | 27.82 | ||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | Late Eocene | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian | 33.9 | |||||||
| Bartonian | Middle Eocene | MP 16 | Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan | 37.71 | ||||||||
| Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | ||||||||||
| Ypresian | Early Eocene | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | Bumbanian | 47.8 | ||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | Late Paleocene | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | Gashatan | 56 | ||||||
| Selandian | Middle Paleocene | 59.2 | ||||||||||
| Danian | Early Paleocene | 61.6 | ||||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | |||||||||
| Campanian | 72.1 | |||||||||||
| Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||||
| Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||||||||
| Aptian | 113 | |||||||||||
| Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||||
| Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||||||||
| Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||||
| Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||||||||
| Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||||
| Aalenian | 170.9 | |||||||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||||
| Pliensbachian | 184.2 | |||||||||||
| Sinemurian | 192.9 | |||||||||||
| Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||||||||
| Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||||
| Carnian | 227 | |||||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||||||||
| Anisian | 242 | |||||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | ||||||||||
| Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | |||||||||
| Wuchiapingian | Zechstein | 254.14 | ||||||||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | Rotliegendes | 259.51 | |||||||||
| Wordian | 264.28 | |||||||||||
| Roadian | 266.9 | |||||||||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | ||||||||||
| Artinskian | Autunian | 283.5 | ||||||||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||||
| Asselian | 293.52 | |||||||||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | 298.9 | |||||||||
| Kasimovian | 303.7 | |||||||||||
| Moscovian | 307 | |||||||||||
| Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | ||||||||||
| Visean | 330.9 | |||||||||||
| Tournaisian | 346.7 | |||||||||||
| Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | 358.9 | |||||||||
| Frasnian | 372.2 | |||||||||||
| Middle Devonian | Givetian | 382.7 | ||||||||||
| Eifelian | 387.7 | |||||||||||
| Early Devonian | Emsian | 393.3 | ||||||||||
| Pragian | 407.6 | |||||||||||
| Lochkovian | 410.8 | |||||||||||
| Silurian | Pridoli | 419.2 | ||||||||||
| Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | ||||||||||
| Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||||||||
| Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | ||||||||||
| Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||||||||
| Llandovery | Telychian | 433.4 | ||||||||||
| Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||||||||
| Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||||||||
| Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | Hirnantian | Xiaoxita †/Shikou | Wufeng † | 443.8 | ||||||
| Katian | Chientangkiangian | 445.2 | ||||||||||
| Neichianshanian/Hanjiang | 449.5 | |||||||||||
| Sandbian | 453 | |||||||||||
| Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | Darriwilian | Guniu †/Hulo | 458.4 | ||||||||
| Hunjiang † | Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo | 466.3 * | ||||||||||
| Dapingian | Dapingian | 467.3 | ||||||||||
| Early Ordovician | Floian | Yiyangian | 470 | |||||||||
| Tremadocian | Xinchangian | 477.7 | ||||||||||
| Lianghekou † | 477.9 * | |||||||||||
| 485.4 | ||||||||||||