PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cenozoic Subepochs	Devonian of Germany
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene		0.0117
		Chibanian	Middle Pleistocene		0.129
		Calabrian	Early Pleistocene		0.774
		Gelasian	Early Pleistocene		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Late Pliocene		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean	Early Pliocene		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian	Late Miocene		5.333
		Tortonian	Late Miocene		7.246
		Serravallian	Middle Miocene		11.63
		Langhian	Middle Miocene		13.82
		Burdigalian	Early Miocene		15.98
		Aquitanian	Early Miocene		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian	Late Oligocene		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian	Early Oligocene		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian	Late Eocene		33.9
		Bartonian	Middle Eocene		37.71
		Lutetian	Middle Eocene		41.2
		Ypresian	Early Eocene		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian	Late Paleocene		56
		Selandian	Middle Paleocene		59.2
		Danian	Early Paleocene		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian			72.1
		Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			100.5
		Aptian			113
		Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian		323.2
		Visean		330.9
		Tournaisian		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		Adorf	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Emsian	393.3
		Pragian		Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian		Gedinnine	410.8
					419.2