PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126844 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Permian of China	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Devonian of Germany
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Meishanian					251.902
		Changhsingian		Baoqingian					253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian		Laoshanian					254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Laibinian					257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Lengwuan					259.51
		Wordian		Kuhfengian					264.28
		Roadian		Kuhfengian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Luodianian					273.01
		Artinskian		Luodianian					283.5
		Artinskian		Longlinian					285.4 *
		Sakmarian		Longlinian					290.1
		Asselian		Zisongian					293.52
		Asselian				Kuzel			297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
									300.1
						Stephanian	Stephanian C		300.3 *
							Stephanian B		300.9 *
							Stephanian A		301.4 *
		Kasimovian					Stephanian A		303.7
		Kasimovian					Cantabrian		305 *
		Moscovian					Cantabrian		307
						Westphalian	Westphalian D		307.4 *
							Westphalian C		309.8
							Westphalian B		314.6
		Bashkirian					Westphalian B		315.2
							Westphalian A		317 *
						Namurian	Yeadonian		318.8 *
							Marsdenian		320.2 *
							Kinderscoutian		321.5 *
							Alportian		322 *
							Chokierian		323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Chokierian		323.2
							Arnsbergian		324 *
							Pendleian		327.4 *
		Visean				Warnantian	Brigantian †		330.9
						Livian	Asbian †		336.3 *
						Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		340.2 *
		Tournaisian				Ivorian			346.7
		Tournaisian				Hastarian			353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						Adorf	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						Emsian	393.3
		Pragian						Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian						Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							443.8
		Katian							445.2
		Sandbian							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian							470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			Ungurian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Batyrbaian				485.4
		Jiangshanian			Batyrbaian				489.5
					Aksaian				490.7 *
			Sakian		492.2 *
		Paibian	Sakian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Ayusokkanian		497
			Ayusokkanian		Arcadian				498.4
									499.5
		Drumian	Zhanaarykian						500.5
		Drumian	Tuesaian						503
		Wuliuan	Tuesaian						504.5
		Wuliuan							505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4			Branchian				509
			Toyonian						510 *
			Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3	Botomian						514
			Atdabanian						515.6 *
			Atdabanian	Placentian	517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian		521
		Stage 2			525.5
		Fortunian			529
									538.8