PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126884 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cambrian of North America		Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia			Ordovician of Australia	Cambrian of China	Precambrian of Russia	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of the Russian Platform
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian										Melekhovian			251.902
				Wuchiapingian													254.14
				Wuchiapingian											Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian												Severodvinian	259.51
				Wordian												Urzhumian	264.28
				Wordian										Noginskian		Urzhumian	264.9 *
				Roadian											Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
				Roadian											Kazanian	Sokian	270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian											Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
																Filipovian	276.5 *
														Pavlovoposadian		Filipovian	276.8 *
																Saraninian	280.1 *
				Artinskian											Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
																Irginian	285.9 *
														Rusavkinian		Irginian	287.6 *
																Burtsevian	287.8 *
				Sakmarian											Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
				Sakmarian											Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
				Asselian											Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
																Uskalykian	294.8
																Surenian	297.5
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian													298.9
				Kasimovian										Dorogomilovian			303.7
														Khamovnikian			304.8
														Krevyakinian			305.8 *
				Moscovian										Myachkovian			307
														Podolskian			308.9 *
														Kashirian			311.4 *
														Vereian			313.8
														Melekessian			314.8
				Bashkirian										Melekessian			315.2
														Cheremshanian			316.9 *
														Prikamian			318.6 *
														Severokeltmian			319.9 *
														Krasnopolyanian			321.2 *
														Voznesenian			321.9 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian										Zapaltjubian			323.2
														Protvian			324.4 *
														Steshevian			326.8 *
														Tarusian			329 *
				Visean										Venevian			330.9
														Mikhailovian			331.9 *
														Aleksinian			333.7 *
														Tulian			335.8 *
														Bobrikian			339.9 *
														Radaevkian			343.4 *
				Tournaisian										Kosvian			346.7
														Kizelian			350.7 *
														Cherepetian			351.9 *
														Karakubian			354.4 *
														Upinian			356.3 *
														Malevkian			357.6 *
														Gumerovian			358 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian													358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian													372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian													382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian													387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian													393.3
				Pragian													407.6
				Lochkovian													410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli														419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian													423
			Ludlow	Gorstian													425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian													427.4
Sheinwoodian	430.5		Wenlock
Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
	Aeronian		438.5
	Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian	Bolindian	443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian	Bolindian	Bohdalec †	445.2
			Kralodvorian	Eastonian		449 *
			Berounian	Eastonian		449.7 *
				Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian				453
						Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
					Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Darriwilian				458.4
			Dobrotivian					458.5 *
			Oretanian					459.7 *
					Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian		Klabava †	Yapeenian			467.3
			Arenigian		Yapeenian			468
					Castlemainian			468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Chewtonian			470
					Bendigonian			471.8 *
					Lancefieldian			473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian		Lancefieldian			477.7
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian		Warendian			482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan		Late Cambrian				Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Stage 10							Niuchehean		Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian							Jiangshanian		Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian							Jiangshanian		Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian							Paibian			494
		Paibian							Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Marjumian		Albertian †				Middle Cambrian	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian	Marjumian							Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan	Topazan							Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
		Wuliuan	Delamaran							Wuliuan/Taijangian		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Delamaran		Waucoban †				Early Cambrian	Duyunian		509
		Stage 4	Dyeran							Duyunian		511 *
		Stage 3	Dyeran							Nangaoian		514
			Montezuman									514.8 *
			Begadean									519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian								Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian								Jinnigian		530.7
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran											Vendian		538.8
		Cryogenian													635
		Tonian													720
		Tonian											Karatau		800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian											Karatau		1000
		Stenian											Yurmatian		1100
		Ectasian											Yurmatian		1200
		Ectasian											Burzyan		1375
																	1400