PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126848 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Central Paratethys Stages	Devonian of France	Ten Million Year Bins	Precambrian of Russia	Mammal Paleogene Zones
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Cenozoic 6				0
				Northgrippian								0.0042
				Greenlandian								0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								0.0117
				Chibanian								0.129
				Calabrian								0.774
				Gelasian								1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian								2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean								3.6
			Miocene	Messinian								5.333
				Tortonian		Pannonian						7.246
				Serravallian		Sarmatian		Cenozoic 5				11.63
				Serravallian		Badenian						12.8 *
				Langhian								13.82
				Burdigalian								15.98
				Aquitanian								20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Cenozoic 4		MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25	23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian				Cenozoic 4		MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21	MP 25	27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian				Cenozoic 3		MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A		33.9
				Bartonian				Cenozoic 3		MP 16		37.71
				Lutetian				Cenozoic 2		MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11		41.2
				Ypresian				Cenozoic 2		MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7		47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian				Cenozoic 1		MP 6	MP 1 - 5	56
				Selandian								59.2
				Danian								61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Cretaceous 8				66
				Campanian				Cretaceous 7				72.1
				Santonian				Cretaceous 6				83.6
				Coniacian								86.3
				Turonian								89.8
				Cenomanian				Cretaceous 5				93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian				Cretaceous 4				100.5
				Aptian				Cretaceous 3				113
				Barremian				Cretaceous 2				121.4
				Hauterivian				Cretaceous 2				125.77
				Valanginian				Cretaceous 1				132.6
				Berriasian				Cretaceous 1				139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Jurassic 6				145
				Kimmeridgian				Jurassic 5				149.2
				Oxfordian								154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
				Bathonian				Jurassic 4				165.3
				Bajocian				Jurassic 4				168.2
				Aalenian				Jurassic 3				170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Jurassic 3				174.7
				Pliensbachian				Jurassic 2				184.2
				Sinemurian				Jurassic 1				192.9
				Hettangian				Jurassic 1				199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Triassic 4				201.4
				Norian				Triassic 4				208.5
				Carnian				Triassic 3				227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Triassic 2				237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian				Triassic 2				242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian				Triassic 1				247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan				Triassic 1				251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Permian 4				251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
				Wordian								264.28
				Roadian				Permian 3				266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian				Permian 2				273.01
				Artinskian								283.5
				Sakmarian								290.1
				Asselian				Permian 1				293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5	298.9
			Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5	303.7
			Moscovian	Carboniferous 4	307
			Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4	315.2
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3	323.2
			Visean	Carboniferous 2	330.9
			Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian	Famennian	Devonian 5		358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian	Frasnian	Devonian 4		372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian	Devonian 3		382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Couvinien	Devonian 3		387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian		Devonian 2		393.3
			Pragian		Devonian 1		407.6
			Pragian	Coblencien		408.2 *
			Lochkovian	Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian		Pridoli			Silurian 2	419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
		Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian		Silurian 1	433.4
			Aeronian			438.5
			Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Ordovician 5	443.8
			Katian		Ordovician 5	445.2
			Sandbian		Ordovician 4	453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Ordovician 3	458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		Ordovician 2	467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian		Ordovician 2	470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		Ungurian	Ordovician 1	477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10		Batyrbaian	Cambrian 5	485.4
			Jiangshanian		Batyrbaian		489.5
					Aksaian		490.7 *
					Sakian		492.2 *
			Paibian		Sakian		494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Ayusokkanian	Cambrian 4	497
			Guzhangian				499.5
			Drumian		Zhanaarykian		500.5
			Drumian		Tuesaian		503
			Wuliuan		Tuesaian	Cambrian 3	504.5
			Wuliuan				505.3
		Series 2	Stage 4				509
					Toyonian		510 *
					Botomian		512.5 *
			Stage 3		Botomian	Cambrian 2	514
			Stage 3		Atdabanian		515.6 *
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Tommotian		521
			Stage 2				525.5
			Fortunian			Cambrian 1	529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran						Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian							635
		Tonian							720
		Tonian						Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian						Karatau	1000
		Stenian						Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian						Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian						Burzyan	1375
												1400