PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127083 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Silurian of England		Devonian of France	Silurian of the Baltic	Permian of Western Europe	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Neogene Mammal Ages of China
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Nihewanian	0.0117
				Chibanian											0.129
				Calabrian											0.774
				Gelasian											1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Tertiary †			Yushean	2.58
				Zanclean										Yushean	3.6
				Zanclean										Baodean	4.9
			Miocene	Messinian											5.333
				Tortonian											7.246
				Tortonian										Tunggurian	11.1
				Serravallian										Tunggurian	11.63
				Langhian										Shanwangian	13.82
				Burdigalian										Shanwangian	15.98
				Burdigalian										Xiejiaan	16.9
				Aquitanian										Xiejiaan	20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
				Bartonian											37.71
				Lutetian											41.2
				Ypresian											47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian											56
				Selandian											59.2
				Danian											61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
				Campanian											72.1
				Santonian											83.6
				Coniacian											86.3
				Turonian											89.8
				Cenomanian											93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
				Aptian											113
				Barremian											121.4
				Hauterivian											125.77
				Valanginian											132.6
				Berriasian											139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
				Kimmeridgian											149.2
				Oxfordian											154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
				Bathonian											165.3
				Bajocian											168.2
				Aalenian											170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
				Pliensbachian											184.2
				Sinemurian											192.9
				Hettangian											199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
				Norian											208.5
				Carnian											227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian											247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan											251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian											251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Zechstein		Longtanian †			254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian						Rotliegendes					259.51
				Wordian											264.28
				Roadian											266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian											273.01
				Artinskian						Autunian					283.5
				Sakmarian											290.1
				Asselian											293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian											298.9
Kasimovian				303.7
Moscovian				307
Bashkirian				315.2
Mississippian			Serpukhovian	323.2
			Visean	330.9
			Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian	Famennian	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian	Frasnian	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Couvinien	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
			Pragian		407.6
			Pragian	Coblencien	408.2 *
			Lochkovian	Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian		Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	Ohesaare	419.2
					Bringewood/Elton	Ohesaare	421.3
					Bringewood/Elton	Kaugetuma	421.7 *
		Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	Kuressaare	423
			Ludfordian		Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	Paadla	423.4 *
			Gorstian				425.6
			Gorstian		Buildwas		426.4 *
		Wenlock	Homerian		Buildwas	Rootsikula	427.4
				Wych	Woolhope	Rootsikula	428.4 *
						Jaagarahu	429.2 *
			Sheinwoodian			Jaagarahu	430.5
			Sheinwoodian			Jaani	431.8 *
		Llandovery	Telychian			Jaani	433.4
						Adavere	434 *
							436.3 *
			Aeronian				438.5
				Cowleigh Park			439.3 *
						Raikkula	439.4 *
			Rhuddanian			Raikkula	440.8
			Rhuddanian			Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
			Katian				445.2
			Sandbian				453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian				470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				Ungurian	477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10				Batyrbaian	485.4
			Jiangshanian				Batyrbaian	489.5
							Aksaian	490.7 *
							Sakian	492.2 *
			Paibian				Sakian	494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Ayusokkanian	Series 3 †	497
			Guzhangian						499.5
			Drumian				Zhanaarykian		500.5
			Drumian				Tuesaian		503
			Wuliuan				Tuesaian		Stage 5 †		504.5
			Wuliuan						Stage 5 †		505.3
		Series 2	Stage 4								509
							Toyonian				510 *
	Botomian						512.5 *
	Botomian		Stage 3				514
	Atdabanian		Stage 3				515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian				521
		Stage 2					525.5
		Fortunian					529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian											635
		Tonian											720
		Tonian								Karatau		800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian								Karatau		1000
		Stenian								Yurmatian		1100
		Ectasian								Yurmatian		1200
		Ectasian								Burzyan		1375
															1400