PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 128235 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of Australia	Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Permian of North America		Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of Australia	Cambrian of Britain		Silurian of North America			Permian of the Pamirs
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian														Dorashamian	251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian														Dzhulfian	254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian					Capitanian									Midian	259.51
				Wordian					Wordian									Midian	264.28
				Wordian					Wordian									Murgabian	266.2 *
				Roadian					Roadian									Murgabian	266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian					Leonardian	Cathedralian								Kubergandian	273.01
										Cathedralian								Bolorian	279.8
										Hessian									281.9 *
				Artinskian															283.5
																		Yakhtashian	286
									Wolfcampian	Lenoxian								Yakhtashian	286.1 *
				Sakmarian						Lenoxian								Sakmarian	290.1
				Asselian						Nealian								Asselian	293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian															298.9
				Kasimovian															303.7
				Moscovian															307
				Bashkirian															315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian															323.2
				Visean															330.9
				Tournaisian															346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian															358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian															372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian															382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian															387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian															393.3
				Pragian															407.6
				Lochkovian															410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli												Cayugan				419.2
			Pridoli												Niagaran				422.5 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian															423
			Ludlow	Gorstian															425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian												Lockportian			427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian															430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian												Ontarian			433.4
				Aeronian															438.5
																	Alexandrian		438.7 *
															Medinan	Clinton			440.1 *
																			440.7 *
				Rhuddanian															440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Bolindian							443.8
				Katian								Bolindian							445.2
												Eastonian							449 *
												Gisbornian							452 *
				Sandbian								Gisbornian							453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Darriwilian							458.4
				Dapingian								Yapeenian							467.3
				Dapingian								Castlemainian							468.5 *
			Early Ordovician	Floian								Chewtonian							470
												Bendigonian							471.8 *
												Lancefieldian							473.5 *
				Tremadocian	Ungurian							Lancefieldian							477.7
				Tremadocian	Ungurian							Warendian							482.8 *
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Batyrbaian	Datsonian					Late Cambrian		Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan					485.4
						Payntonian								Dolgellian/Trempealeauan					486.8 *
						Payntonian								Festiniogian					489.2 *
				Jiangshanian		Iverian													489.5
					Aksaian														490.7 *
					Sakian														492.2 *
														Maentwrogian					493.1 *
				Paibian		Idamean								Maentwrogian					494
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Ayusokkanian	Mindyallan					Middle Cambrian		St Davids						497
					Ayusokkanian	Boomerangian													499
						Boomerangian													499.5
Drumian	Zhanaarykian			Undillan	500.5
Drumian	Tuesaian			Floran	503
Wuliuan	Tuesaian			Templetonian	504.5
				Templetonian	505.3
				Ordian	507.8 *
Series 2			Stage 4		Early Cambrian	Caerfai	509
	Toyonian						510 *
	Toyonian						510.8 *
	Botomian						512.5 *
	Botomian		Stage 3				514
	Atdabanian		Stage 3				515.6 *
Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Tommotian				521
	Stage 2						525.5
	Fortunian						529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran					Vendian †	Poundian †			538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran					Vendian †	Wonokan †			571.7 *
																			635