PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of China		Devonian Subages	Cambrian of West Avalonia	Silurian Ages of Europe	Carboniferous Subepochs	Ordovician of Britain				Ordovician of Australia
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Late Pennsylvanian						298.9
		Kasimovian							Late Pennsylvanian						303.7
		Moscovian							Middle Pennsylvanian						307
		Bashkirian							Early Pennsylvanian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Late Mississippian						323.2
		Visean							Middle Mississippian						330.9
		Tournaisian							Early Mississippian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Late Famennian									358.9
						Middle Famennian									365.3 *
						Early Famennian									368.5 *
		Frasnian				Late Frasnian									372.2
						Middle Frasnian									375.4 *
						Early Frasnian									379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Late Givetian									382.7
						Middle Givetian									383.7 *
						Early Givetian									385.9 *
		Eifelian				Late Eifelian									387.7
		Eifelian				Early Eifelian									390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Late Emsian									393.3
		Emsian				Early Emsian									398.3 *
		Pragian				Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian				Late Lochkovian									410.8
						Middle Lochkovian									412.8 *
						Early Lochkovian									415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli														419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian													423
	Ludlow	Gorstian													425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						Gleedonian							427.4
		Homerian						Whitwellian							429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian													430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian													433.4
		Aeronian													438.5
		Rhuddanian													440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Ashgill	Hirnantian			Bolindian	443.8
		Katian									Rawtheyan				445.2
											Cautleyan				448.9 *
											Cautleyan			Eastonian	449 *
											Pusgillian				449.3 *
										Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †			449.6 *
											Cheneyan				451.5 *
											Cheneyan			Gisbornian	452 *
											Burrellian				452.7 *
		Sandbian													453
												Actonian †			453.2 *
												Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †		454.2 *
												Longvillian †			455.2 *
											Aurelucian	Longvillian †			456.8 *
											Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			Darriwilian	458.4
		Darriwilian									Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Darriwilian	461.3 *
		Dapingian									Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Yapeenian	467.3
										Arenig	Fennian			Yapeenian	468.4 *
														Castlemainian	468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian												Chewtonian	470
											Whitlandian			Chewtonian	471.1 *
														Bendigonian	471.8 *
														Lancefieldian	473.5 *
											Moridunian				474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Ungurian							Tremadoc	Migneintian				477.7
											Cressagian				480.8 *
											Cressagian			Warendian	482.8 *
														Warendian	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Batyrbaian	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †										485.4
		Jiangshanian	Batyrbaian	Jiangshanian											489.5
			Aksaian				490.7 *
			Sakian				492.2 *
		Paibian		Paibian			494
		Paibian		Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Ayusokkanian	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †		497
			Ayusokkanian				Arcadian								498.4
															499.5
		Drumian	Zhanaarykian	Drumian					500.5
		Drumian	Tuesaian	Drumian					503
		Wuliuan	Tuesaian	Wuliuan/Taijangian					504.5
		Wuliuan		Wuliuan/Taijangian					505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4		Duyunian			Branchian		509
			Toyonian						510 *
			Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3	Botomian	Nangaoian					514
			Atdabanian						515.6 *
			Atdabanian				Placentian		517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Tommotian	Meishucunian					521
		Stage 2							525.5
		Fortunian							529
		Fortunian		Jinnigian					530.7
															538.8