International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
- J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Cambrian of Australia | Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe | Ordovician of Australia | Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages | Devonian of Eastern North America | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Lancian/Edmontonian | 66 | |||||
Campanian | Judithian/Aquilan | 72.1 | |||||||
Santonian | 83.6 | ||||||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | ||||||||
Turonian | 89.8 | ||||||||
Cenomanian | 93.9 | ||||||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | |||||||
Aptian | 113 | ||||||||
Barremian | 121.4 | ||||||||
Hauterivian | 125.77 | ||||||||
Valanginian | 132.6 | ||||||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | ||||||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | ||||||
Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | ||||||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | ||||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | |||||||
Bathonian | 165.3 | ||||||||
Bajocian | 168.2 | ||||||||
Aalenian | 170.9 | ||||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | |||||||
Pliensbachian | 184.2 | ||||||||
Sinemurian | 192.9 | ||||||||
Hettangian | 199.5 | ||||||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | ||||||
Norian | 208.5 | ||||||||
Carnian | 227 | ||||||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | |||||||
Anisian | 242 | ||||||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | Vokhmian | 247.2 | ||||||
Induan | 251.2 | ||||||||
Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | ||||||
Wuchiapingian | Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian | 254.14 | |||||||
Guadalupian | Capitanian | Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian | 259.51 | ||||||
Wordian | Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian | 264.28 | |||||||
Roadian | Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian | 266.9 | |||||||
Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | |||||||
Artinskian | 283.5 | ||||||||
Sakmarian | 290.1 | ||||||||
Asselian | 293.52 | ||||||||
Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | 298.9 | ||||||
Kasimovian | 303.7 | ||||||||
Moscovian | 307 | ||||||||
Bashkirian | 315.2 | ||||||||
Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | |||||||
Visean | 330.9 | ||||||||
Tournaisian | 346.7 | ||||||||
Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway | 358.9 | |||||
Frasnian | West Fallsian/Sonyean | 372.2 | |||||||
Middle Devonian | Givetian | Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan | Cazenovian | 382.7 | |||||
Eifelian | Southwoodian | 387.7 | |||||||
Early Devonian | Emsian | Sawkillian/Deer Parkian | Helderbergian | 393.3 | |||||
Pragian | 407.6 | ||||||||
Lochkovian | 410.8 | ||||||||
Silurian | Pridoli | 419.2 | |||||||
Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | |||||||
Gorstian | 425.6 | ||||||||
Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | |||||||
Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | ||||||||
Llandovery | Telychian | 433.4 | |||||||
Aeronian | 438.5 | ||||||||
Rhuddanian | 440.8 | ||||||||
Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | Bolindian | 443.8 | |||||
Katian | 445.2 | ||||||||
Eastonian | 449 * | ||||||||
Gisbornian | 452 * | ||||||||
Sandbian | 453 | ||||||||
Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | Darriwilian | 458.4 | ||||||
Dapingian | Yapeenian | 467.3 | |||||||
Castlemainian | 468.5 * | ||||||||
Early Ordovician | Floian | Chewtonian | 470 | ||||||
Bendigonian | 471.8 * | ||||||||
Lancefieldian | 473.5 * | ||||||||
Tremadocian | 477.7 | ||||||||
Warendian | 482.8 * | ||||||||
Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Datsonian | 485.4 | |||||
Payntonian | 486.8 * | ||||||||
Jiangshanian | Iverian | 489.5 | |||||||
Paibian | Idamean | 494 | |||||||
Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Mindyallan | 497 | ||||||
Boomerangian | 499 | ||||||||
Drumian | Undillan | 500.5 | |||||||
Floran | 503 | ||||||||
Wuliuan | Templetonian | 504.5 | |||||||
Ordian | 507.8 * | ||||||||
Series 2 | Stage 4 | 509 | |||||||
510.8 * |