PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cambrian of China		Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Permian of the Pamirs	Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene			Nihewanian								0.0117
				Chibanian											0.129
				Calabrian											0.774
				Gelasian											1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian			Yushean					Tertiary †			2.58
				Zanclean			Yushean								3.6
				Zanclean			Baodean								4.9
			Miocene	Messinian											5.333
				Tortonian											7.246
				Tortonian			Tunggurian								11.1
				Serravallian			Tunggurian								11.63
				Langhian			Shanwangian								13.82
				Burdigalian			Shanwangian								15.98
				Burdigalian			Xiejiaan								16.9
				Aquitanian			Xiejiaan								20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
				Bartonian											37.71
				Lutetian											41.2
				Ypresian											47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian											56
				Selandian											59.2
				Danian											61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
				Campanian											72.1
				Santonian											83.6
				Coniacian											86.3
				Turonian											89.8
				Cenomanian											93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
				Aptian											113
				Barremian											121.4
				Hauterivian											125.77
				Valanginian											132.6
				Berriasian											139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
				Kimmeridgian											149.2
				Oxfordian											154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
				Bathonian											165.3
				Bajocian											168.2
				Aalenian											170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
				Pliensbachian											184.2
				Sinemurian											192.9
				Hettangian											199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
				Norian											208.5
				Carnian											227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian											247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan											251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Dorashamian						251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Dzhulfian				Longtanian †		254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian					Midian						259.51
				Wordian					Midian						264.28
				Wordian					Murgabian						266.2 *
				Roadian					Murgabian						266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kubergandian						273.01
				Kungurian					Bolorian						279.8
				Artinskian					Bolorian						283.5
				Artinskian					Yakhtashian						286
Sakmarian				Sakmarian	290.1
Asselian				Asselian	293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Mapingian †		298.9
			Kasimovian	Mapingian †		303.7
			Kasimovian			305.9
			Moscovian			307
			Bashkirian			315.2
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
			Visean			330.9
			Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
			Pragian			407.6
			Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian		Pridoli				Ohesaare	419.2
		Pridoli				Kaugetuma	421.7 *
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			Kuressaare	423
			Ludfordian			Paadla	423.4 *
			Gorstian			Paadla	425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			Rootsikula	427.4
			Homerian			Jaagarahu	429.2 *
			Sheinwoodian			Jaagarahu	430.5
			Sheinwoodian			Jaani	431.8 *
		Llandovery	Telychian			Jaani	433.4
			Telychian			Adavere	434 *
			Aeronian			Adavere	438.5
			Aeronian			Raikkula	439.4 *
			Rhuddanian			Raikkula	440.8
			Rhuddanian			Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
			Katian				445.2
			Sandbian				453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian				470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10				Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
			Jiangshanian				Jiangshanian		489.5
			Paibian				Paibian		494
			Paibian				Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Series 3 †	497
			Drumian				Drumian	Wangcunian †		500.5
			Wuliuan				Wuliuan/Taijangian			Stage 5 †	504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4				Duyunian				509
		Series 2	Stage 3				Nangaoian				514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Meishucunian				521
			Fortunian				Meishucunian				529
			Fortunian				Jinnigian				530.7
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Poundian †	538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Wonokan †	571.7 *
															635