PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Cambrian of China		Devonian Subages	Cambrian of West Avalonia	Silurian Ages of Europe	Carboniferous Subepochs	Ordovician of Britain				Ordovician of Australia
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Late Pennsylvanian						298.9
		Kasimovian						Late Pennsylvanian						303.7
		Moscovian						Middle Pennsylvanian						307
		Bashkirian						Early Pennsylvanian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						Late Mississippian						323.2
		Visean						Middle Mississippian						330.9
		Tournaisian						Early Mississippian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Late Famennian									358.9
					Middle Famennian									365.3 *
					Early Famennian									368.5 *
		Frasnian			Late Frasnian									372.2
					Middle Frasnian									375.4 *
					Early Frasnian									379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Late Givetian									382.7
					Middle Givetian									383.7 *
					Early Givetian									385.9 *
		Eifelian			Late Eifelian									387.7
		Eifelian			Early Eifelian									390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Late Emsian									393.3
		Emsian			Early Emsian									398.3 *
		Pragian			Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian			Late Lochkovian									410.8
					Middle Lochkovian									412.8 *
					Early Lochkovian									415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli													419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian												423
	Ludlow	Gorstian												425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					Gleedonian							427.4
		Homerian					Whitwellian							429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian												430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian												433.4
		Aeronian												438.5
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Ashgill	Hirnantian			Bolindian	443.8
		Katian								Rawtheyan				445.2
										Cautleyan				448.9 *
										Cautleyan			Eastonian	449 *
										Pusgillian				449.3 *
									Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †			449.6 *
										Cheneyan				451.5 *
										Cheneyan			Gisbornian	452 *
										Burrellian				452.7 *
		Sandbian												453
											Actonian †			453.2 *
											Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †		454.2 *
											Longvillian †			455.2 *
										Aurelucian	Longvillian †			456.8 *
										Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			Darriwilian	458.4
		Darriwilian								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Darriwilian	461.3 *
		Dapingian								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Yapeenian	467.3
									Arenig	Fennian			Yapeenian	468.4 *
													Castlemainian	468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian											Chewtonian	470
										Whitlandian			Chewtonian	471.1 *
													Bendigonian	471.8 *
													Lancefieldian	473.5 *
										Moridunian				474.3 *
		Tremadocian							Tremadoc	Migneintian				477.7
										Cressagian				480.8 *
										Cressagian			Warendian	482.8 *
													Warendian	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †										485.4
		Jiangshanian	Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian	Paibian			494
		Paibian	Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Guzhangian	Wangcunian †		497
		Guzhangian	Guzhangian			Arcadian								498.4
		Drumian	Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan	Wuliuan/Taijangian											504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	Duyunian			Branchian								509
		Stage 3	Nangaoian			Branchian		514
		Stage 3	Nangaoian			Placentian		517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	Meishucunian					521
		Fortunian	Meishucunian					529
		Fortunian	Jinnigian					530.7
														538.8