PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127777 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Cambrian of China		Silurian Ages of Europe	Carboniferous of China	Permian Subages of Germany	Devonian of France	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of Western Europe	Precambrian of Russia	Silurian of the Baltic
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Buntsandstein		Melekhovian				251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Buntsandstein			Zechstein			254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian					Ohre/Aller			Rotliegendes			259.51
				Wordian					Leine						264.28
				Wordian					Leine		Noginskian				264.9 *
				Roadian											266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian											273.01
				Kungurian							Pavlovoposadian				276.8 *
				Artinskian							Pavlovoposadian	Autunian			283.5
				Artinskian							Rusavkinian				287.6 *
				Sakmarian											290.1
				Asselian											293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian											298.9
				Gzhelian				Xiaodushanian							300 *
				Kasimovian							Dorogomilovian				303.7
											Khamovnikian				304.8
								Dalaun			Krevyakinian				305.8 *
				Moscovian							Myachkovian				307
											Podolskian				308.9 *
											Kashirian				311.4 *
											Vereian				313.8
											Melekessian				314.8
				Bashkirian							Melekessian				315.2
											Cheremshanian				316.9 *
								Huashibanian			Cheremshanian				318.5 *
											Prikamian				318.6 *
											Severokeltmian				319.9 *
								Lousuan			Krasnopolyanian				321.2 *
								Lousuan			Voznesenian				321.9 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Dewunian			Zapaltjubian				323.2
											Protvian				324.4 *
											Steshevian				326.8 *
											Tarusian				329 *
								Shangsian			Tarusian				330.8 *
				Visean							Venevian				330.9
											Mikhailovian				331.9 *
											Aleksinian				333.7 *
								Jiusian			Aleksinian				335 *
											Tulian				335.8 *
											Bobrikian				339.9 *
											Radaevkian				343.4 *
				Tournaisian				Tangbagouan			Kosvian				346.7
											Kizelian				350.7 *
											Cherepetian				351.9 *
											Karakubian				354.4 *
											Upinian				356.3 *
											Malevkian				357.6 *
											Gumerovian				358 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Famennian					358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian						Frasnian					372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian						Givetian					382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Couvinien					387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian											393.3
				Pragian											407.6
				Pragian						Coblencien					408.2 *
				Lochkovian						Gedinnine					410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli											Ohesaare	419.2
			Pridoli											Kaugetuma	421.7 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian										Kuressaare	423
				Ludfordian										Paadla	423.4 *
				Gorstian										Paadla	425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian			Gleedonian							Rootsikula	427.4
							Gleedonian							Jaagarahu	429.2 *
							Whitwellian								429.7 *
Sheinwoodian				430.5
Sheinwoodian				Jaani	431.8 *
Llandovery			Telychian	Jaani	433.4
			Telychian	Adavere	434 *
			Aeronian	Adavere	438.5
			Aeronian	Raikkula	439.4 *
			Rhuddanian	Raikkula	440.8
			Rhuddanian	Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		443.8
			Katian		445.2
			Sandbian		453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4
		Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		467.3
		Early Ordovician	Floian		470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10		Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
			Jiangshanian		Jiangshanian		489.5
			Paibian		Paibian		494
			Paibian		Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
			Drumian		Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
			Wuliuan		Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4		Duyunian		509
		Series 2	Stage 3		Nangaoian		514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Meishucunian		521
			Fortunian		Meishucunian		529
			Fortunian		Jinnigian		530.7
Proterozoic		Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian	538.8
			Cryogenian										635
			Tonian										720
			Tonian									Karatau	800
		Mesoproterozoic	Stenian									Karatau	1000
			Stenian									Yurmatian	1100
			Ectasian									Yurmatian	1200
			Ectasian									Burzyan	1375
															1400