International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127777 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleCambrian of ChinaSilurian of the BalticOrdovician of BritainDevonian of Eastern North AmericaCambrian of BritainPermian Subages of GermanyOrdovician of Ibero-BohemiaCambrian of North AmericaCarboniferous of North AmericaDevonian of Germany
PermianLopingianChanghsingianBuntsandstein251.902
Wuchiapingian254.14
GuadalupianCapitanianOhre/Aller259.51
WordianLeine264.28
Roadian266.9
CisuralianKungurian273.01
Artinskian283.5
Sakmarian290.1
AsselianBursumian †293.52
CarboniferousPennsylvanianGzhelianVirgilian298.9
KasimovianMissourian303.7
Desmoinesian305.9 *
Moscovian307
Atokan312.7 *
Bashkirian315.2
Morrowan318.4 *
MississippianSerpukhovianChesterian323.2
Visean330.9
Meramecian335.8 *
Osagean343.1 *
Tournaisian346.7
Kinderhookian351.9 *
DevonianLate DevonianFamennianConewangan/Conneautan/CanadawayWocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden358.9
FrasnianWest Fallsian/SonyeanAdorf372.2
Middle DevonianGivetianGeneseean/Taghanican/TioughnioganCazenovianGivetian382.7
EifelianSouthwoodianEifelian387.7
Early DevonianEmsianSawkillian/Deer ParkianHelderbergianEmsian393.3
PragianSiegen407.6
LochkovianGedinnine410.8
SilurianPridoliOhesaare419.2
Kaugetuma421.7 *
LudlowLudfordianKuressaare423
Paadla423.4 *
Gorstian425.6
WenlockHomerianRootsikula427.4
Jaagarahu429.2 *
Sheinwoodian430.5
Jaani431.8 *
LlandoveryTelychian433.4
Adavere434 *
Aeronian438.5
Raikkula439.4 *
Rhuddanian440.8
Juuru441.4 *
OrdovicianLate OrdovicianHirnantianAshgillHirnantianKosovian443.8
KatianRawtheyanKralodvorianBohdalec †445.2
Cautleyan448.9 *
Pusgillian449.3 *
CaradocStreffordianOnnian †449.6 *
Berounian449.7 *
Cheneyan451.5 *
Burrellian452.7 *
Sandbian453
Actonian †453.2 *
Marshbrookian †Woolstonian †454.2 *
Longvillian †455.2 *
Zahorany †/ViniceLetna †456.2 *
Aurelucian456.8 *
Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian457.4 *
Liben †458 *
Middle OrdovicianDarriwilianLlanvirnLlandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn458.4
Dobrotivian458.5 *
Oretanian459.7 *
Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn461.3 *
Sarka †461.7 *
DapingianKlabava †467.3
Arenigian468
ArenigFennian468.4 *
Early OrdovicianFloian470
Whitlandian471.1 *
Moridunian474.3 *
TremadocianTremadocMigneintianTremadocian477.7
Cressagian480.8 *
485 *
CambrianFurongianStage 10NiucheheanTaoyuanian †MerionethDolgellian/TrempealeauanFranconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan485.4
Sunwaptan487.5
Festiniogian489.2 *
JiangshanianJiangshanian489.5
Steptoean493 *
Maentwrogian493.1 *
PaibianPaibian494
Waergangian †/Youshuanian494.9 *
MiaolingianGuzhangianGuzhangianWangcunian †St DavidsMarjumianAlbertian †497
DrumianDrumian500.5
WuliuanWuliuan/TaijangianTopazan504.5
Delamaran506.5
Series 2Stage 4DuyunianCaerfaiWaucoban †509
Dyeran511 *
Stage 3Nangaoian514
Montezuman514.8 *
Begadean519.9 *
TerreneuvianStage 2Meishucunian521
Fortunian529
Jinnigian530.7
538.8