International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

  • K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
  • M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
  • W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
  • A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
  • F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 128057 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic TimescaleOrdovician of North AmericaCarboniferous of ChinaPermian of the Salt RangePermo-Triassic Subages of Eastern EuropeCarboniferous of North AmericaPermian Subages of GermanyCarbo-Permian of the Russian PlatformSilurian of the Baltic
TriassicEarly TriassicOlenekianVokhmian247.2
Induan251.2
Kathwai251.5 *
PermianLopingianChanghsingianBuntsandsteinMelekhovian251.902
252.4 *
Chhidru252.9 *
WuchiapingianLate Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian254.14
Kalabagh255 *
Wargal256 *
GuadalupianCapitanianLate Severodvinian/Early SeverodvinianOhre/Aller259.51
WordianLate Urzhumian/Early UrzhumianLeine264.28
Noginskian264.9 *
265.3 *
Amb266.1 *
RoadianLate Kazanian/Early Kazanian266.9
270.7 *
CisuralianKungurian273.01
Pavlovoposadian276.8 *
Artinskian283.5
Rusavkinian287.6 *
Sakmarian290.1
AsselianBursumian †293.52
CarboniferousPennsylvanianGzhelianVirgilian298.9
Xiaodushanian300 *
KasimovianMissourianDorogomilovian303.7
Khamovnikian304.8
DalaunKrevyakinian305.8 *
Desmoinesian305.9 *
MoscovianMyachkovian307
Podolskian308.9 *
Kashirian311.4 *
Atokan312.7 *
Vereian313.8
Melekessian314.8
Bashkirian315.2
Cheremshanian316.9 *
Morrowan318.4 *
Huashibanian318.5 *
Prikamian318.6 *
Severokeltmian319.9 *
LousuanKrasnopolyanian321.2 *
Voznesenian321.9 *
MississippianSerpukhovianDewunianChesterianZapaltjubian323.2
Protvian324.4 *
Steshevian326.8 *
Tarusian329 *
Shangsian330.8 *
ViseanVenevian330.9
Mikhailovian331.9 *
Aleksinian333.7 *
Jiusian335 *
MeramecianTulian335.8 *
Bobrikian339.9 *
Osagean343.1 *
Radaevkian343.4 *
TournaisianTangbagouanKosvian346.7
Kizelian350.7 *
KinderhookianCherepetian351.9 *
Karakubian354.4 *
Upinian356.3 *
Malevkian357.6 *
Gumerovian358 *
DevonianLate DevonianFamennian358.9
Frasnian372.2
Middle DevonianGivetian382.7
Eifelian387.7
Early DevonianEmsian393.3
Pragian407.6
Lochkovian410.8
SilurianPridoliOhesaare419.2
Kaugetuma421.7 *
LudlowLudfordianKuressaare423
Paadla423.4 *
Gorstian425.6
WenlockHomerianRootsikula427.4
Jaagarahu429.2 *
Sheinwoodian430.5
Jaani431.8 *
LlandoveryTelychian433.4
Adavere434 *
Aeronian438.5
Raikkula439.4 *
Rhuddanian440.8
Juuru441.4 *
OrdovicianLate OrdovicianHirnantianCincinnatianGamachian443.8
Katian445.2
Richmondian446 *
MaysvillianRocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian449.8 *
Edenian450.4 *
MohawkianChatfieldian451.1 *
Sandbian453
Turinian453.7 *
WhiterockianCanadian †Chazyan †/Marmor457 *
Middle OrdovicianDarriwilian458.4
Dapingian467.3
Rangerian469.1 *
Early OrdovicianFloianIbexianBlackhillsianJeffersonian †Cassinian †470
Tulean473.9 *
Tremadocian477.7
Stairsian480.3 *
SkullrockianDemingian †482 *
CambrianFurongianStage 10485.4
487.5