PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126848 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of North America						Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Carboniferous Subepochs	Ordovician of China			Ordovician of the Baltic				Silurian of the Baltic
Permian	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Zechstein											254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Rotliegendes											259.51
		Wordian																		264.28
		Roadian																		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																		273.01
		Artinskian							Autunian											283.5
		Sakmarian																		290.1
		Asselian																		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									Late Pennsylvanian									298.9
		Kasimovian									Late Pennsylvanian									303.7
		Moscovian									Middle Pennsylvanian									307
		Bashkirian									Early Pennsylvanian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									Late Mississippian									323.2
		Visean									Middle Mississippian									330.9
		Tournaisian									Early Mississippian									346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian																		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian																		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian																		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian																		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian																		393.3
		Pragian																		407.6
		Lochkovian																		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli																		Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli																		Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian																	Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian																	Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian																	Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian																	Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian																	Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian																	Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian																	Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian																	Jaani	433.4
		Telychian																	Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian																	Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian																	Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian																	Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian																	Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian								Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Harju	Porkuni				443.8
		Katian		Gamachian								Chientangkiangian				Pirgu				445.2
				Richmondian								Chientangkiangian								446 *
												Neichianshanian/Hanjiang								449.5
																Vormsi				449.6 *
				Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian											Vormsi				449.8 *
				Maysvillian												Nabala	Johvi †			450 *
				Edenian												Nabala				450.4 *
				Edenian											Viru	Rakvere				450.6 *
			Mohawkian	Chatfieldian												Rakvere				451.1 *
																Oandu				452 *
		Sandbian														Keila	Idavere †			453
				Turinian												Keila				453.7 *
																Haljala				453.9
																Kukruse				456.4 *
			Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor										Kukruse				457 *
																Uhaku	Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo			Uhaku				458.4
																Lasnamagi				458.9 *
																Aseri				460.4 *
															Oeland	Kunda				462.9 *
																	Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
													Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo						466.3 *
																Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian										Dapingian								467.3
				Rangerian																469.1 *
				Rangerian												Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	Yiyangian		470
										Latorp †							470.1 *
																Hunneberg	473.7 *
				Tulean													473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Ungurian									Xinchangian	477.7
														Lianghekou †				477.9 *
				Stairsian														480.3 *
				Stairsian												Varangu		481.3 *
				Skullrockian			Demingian †		482 *							Varangu
							Demingian †		Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Batyrbaian	Pakerort								485.4
																	486.3 *
																	486.5
																	487.5
		Jiangshanian															489.5
								Aksaian			490.7 *
								Sakian			492.2 *
		Paibian						Sakian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian									499.5
		Drumian						Zhanaarykian			500.5
		Drumian						Tuesaian			503
		Wuliuan						Tuesaian			504.5
		Wuliuan									505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4									509
								Toyonian			510 *
								Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3						Botomian			514
		Stage 3						Atdabanian			515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						Tommotian			521
																				525.5