PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127969 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Ordovician of China			Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Carboniferous of Western Europe		Permian of the Pamirs
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian								Dorashamian	251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								Dzhulfian	254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian								Midian	259.51
				Wordian								Midian	264.28
				Wordian								Murgabian	266.2 *
				Roadian								Murgabian	266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian								Kubergandian	273.01
				Kungurian								Bolorian	279.8
				Artinskian								Bolorian	283.5
				Artinskian								Yakhtashian	286
				Sakmarian								Sakmarian	290.1
				Asselian								Asselian	293.52
				Asselian						Kuzel		Asselian	297.7
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Kuzel			298.9
										Stephanian	Stephanian C		300.3 *
											Stephanian B		300.9 *
											Stephanian A		301.4 *
				Kasimovian							Stephanian A		303.7
				Kasimovian							Cantabrian		305 *
				Moscovian							Cantabrian		307
										Westphalian	Westphalian D		307.4 *
											Westphalian C		309.8
											Westphalian B		314.6
				Bashkirian							Westphalian B		315.2
											Westphalian A		317 *
										Namurian	Yeadonian		318.8 *
											Marsdenian		320.2 *
											Kinderscoutian		321.5 *
											Alportian		322 *
											Chokierian		323.1 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Chokierian		323.2
											Arnsbergian		324 *
											Pendleian		327.4 *
				Visean						Warnantian	Brigantian †		330.9
										Livian	Asbian †		336.3 *
										Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		340.2 *
				Tournaisian						Ivorian			346.7
				Tournaisian						Hastarian			353.7 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian									372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian									382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian									387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian									393.3
				Pragian									407.6
				Lochkovian									410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli										419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
			Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian									427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
				Aeronian									438.5
				Rhuddanian									440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †						443.8
				Katian	Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †						445.2
				Katian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang								449.5
				Sandbian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang								453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo							458.4
				Darriwilian	Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo						466.3 *
				Dapingian	Dapingian								467.3
			Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian								470
				Tremadocian	Xinchangian								477.7
				Tremadocian	Xinchangian		Lianghekou †						477.9 *
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									485.4
Jiangshanian	489.5
Paibian	494
Miaolingian	Guzhangian		497
	Drumian		500.5
	Wuliuan		504.5
Series 2	Stage 4		509
Series 2	Stage 3		514
Terreneuvian	Stage 2		521
Terreneuvian	Fortunian		529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran						Vendian †	Poundian †				538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran						Vendian †	Wonokan †				571.7 *
													635