PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126848 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of China			Silurian Ages of Europe	Permian of the Russian Platform		Permian of China	Permian of Western Europe	Carboniferous of Western Europe
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Meishanian				251.902
		Changhsingian							Baoqingian				253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian							Laoshanian	Zechstein			254.14
							Tatarian	Vyatkian	Laoshanian				256.8 *
								Vyatkian	Laibinian				257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Severodvinian	Lengwuan	Rotliegendes			259.51
		Wordian						Urzhumian	Kuhfengian				264.28
		Roadian					Kazanian	Povolzhian					266.9
		Roadian					Kazanian	Sokian					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	Luodianian				273.01
								Filipovian					276.5 *
								Saraninian					280.1 *
		Artinskian					Artinskian	Sarginian		Autunian			283.5
								Sarginian	Longlinian				285.4 *
								Irginian					285.9 *
								Burtsevian					287.8 *
		Sakmarian					Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian					290.1
		Sakmarian					Sakmarian	Tastubian					291.7 *
		Asselian					Asselian	Shikhanian	Zisongian				293.52
								Uskalykian					294.8
								Surenian					297.5
								Surenian			Kuzel		297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian											298.9
													300.1
											Stephanian	Stephanian C	300.3 *
												Stephanian B	300.9 *
												Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian										Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian										Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian										Cantabrian	307
											Westphalian	Westphalian D	307.4 *
												Westphalian C	309.8
												Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian										Westphalian B	315.2
												Westphalian A	317 *
											Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
												Marsdenian	320.2 *
												Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
												Alportian	322 *
												Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										Chokierian	323.2
												Arnsbergian	324 *
												Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean									Warnantian	Brigantian †	330.9
											Livian	Asbian †	336.3 *
											Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian									Ivorian		346.7
		Tournaisian									Hastarian		353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian											358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian											372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian											382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian											387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian											393.3
		Pragian											407.6
		Lochkovian											410.8
Silurian	Pridoli												419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Gleedonian							427.4
		Homerian				Whitwellian							429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian											433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †								443.8
		Katian	Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †								445.2
		Katian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang										449.5
		Sandbian	Neichianshanian/Hanjiang										453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo									458.4
		Darriwilian	Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo								466.3 *
		Dapingian	Dapingian										467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Yiyangian										470
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian										477.7
		Tremadocian	Xinchangian		Lianghekou †								477.9 *
													485.4