PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126848 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Ordovician of Australia	Devonian Subages	Permian of the Pamirs	Carboniferous Subepochs	Precambrian of Russia
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Dorashamian			251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Dzhulfian			254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian			Midian			259.51
				Wordian			Midian			264.28
				Wordian			Murgabian			266.2 *
				Roadian			Murgabian			266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kubergandian			273.01
				Kungurian			Bolorian			279.8
				Artinskian			Bolorian			283.5
				Artinskian			Yakhtashian			286
				Sakmarian			Sakmarian			290.1
				Asselian			Asselian			293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Late Pennsylvanian		298.9
				Kasimovian				Late Pennsylvanian		303.7
				Moscovian				Middle Pennsylvanian		307
				Bashkirian				Early Pennsylvanian		315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Late Mississippian		323.2
				Visean				Middle Mississippian		330.9
				Tournaisian				Early Mississippian		346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Late Famennian				358.9
						Middle Famennian				365.3 *
						Early Famennian				368.5 *
				Frasnian		Late Frasnian				372.2
						Middle Frasnian				375.4 *
						Early Frasnian				379.3 *
			Middle Devonian	Givetian		Late Givetian				382.7
						Middle Givetian				383.7 *
						Early Givetian				385.9 *
				Eifelian		Late Eifelian				387.7
				Eifelian		Early Eifelian				390.3 *
			Early Devonian	Emsian		Late Emsian				393.3
				Emsian		Early Emsian				398.3 *
				Pragian		Pragian				407.6
				Lochkovian		Late Lochkovian				410.8
						Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
						Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
		Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
			Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
				Aeronian						438.5
				Rhuddanian						440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Bolindian					443.8
				Katian	Bolindian					445.2
					Eastonian					449 *
					Gisbornian					452 *
				Sandbian	Gisbornian					453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian					458.4
				Dapingian	Yapeenian					467.3
				Dapingian	Castlemainian					468.5 *
			Early Ordovician	Floian	Chewtonian					470
					Bendigonian					471.8 *
					Lancefieldian					473.5 *
				Tremadocian	Lancefieldian					477.7
				Tremadocian	Warendian					482.8 *
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						485.4
				Jiangshanian						489.5
				Paibian						494
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian						497
				Drumian						500.5
				Wuliuan						504.5
			Series 2	Stage 4						509
Stage 3	514		Series 2
Terreneuvian	Stage 2		521
Terreneuvian	Fortunian		529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran							Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian								635
		Tonian								720
		Tonian							Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian							Karatau	1000
		Stenian							Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian							Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian							Burzyan	1375
										1400