PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126831 collections

Show less time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Ordovician of Australia	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Silurian Ages of Europe	Carboniferous of China	Permian of the Salt Range	Precambrian of Russia	Carboniferous of North America	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan									0
				Northgrippian									0.0042
				Greenlandian									0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									0.0117
				Chibanian									0.129
				Calabrian									0.774
				Gelasian									1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian									2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean									3.6
			Miocene	Messinian									5.333
				Tortonian									7.246
				Serravallian									11.63
				Langhian									13.82
				Burdigalian									15.98
				Aquitanian									20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian									27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian									33.9
				Bartonian									37.71
				Lutetian									41.2
				Ypresian									47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian									56
				Selandian									59.2
				Danian									61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
				Campanian									72.1
				Santonian									83.6
				Coniacian									86.3
				Turonian									89.8
				Cenomanian									93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
				Aptian									113
				Barremian									121.4
				Hauterivian									125.77
				Valanginian									132.6
				Berriasian									139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
				Kimmeridgian									149.2
				Oxfordian									154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
				Bathonian									165.3
				Bajocian									168.2
				Aalenian									170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
				Pliensbachian									184.2
				Sinemurian									192.9
				Hettangian									199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
				Norian									208.5
				Carnian									227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian									237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian									242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian									247.2
				Induan									251.2
				Induan					Kathwai				251.5 *
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Melekhovian			Kathwai				251.902
													252.4 *
									Chhidru				252.9 *
				Wuchiapingian					Chhidru				254.14
									Kalabagh				255 *
									Wargal				256 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
				Wordian									264.28
						Noginskian							264.9 *
					265.3 *
Amb					266.1 *
Amb				Roadian	266.9
				Roadian	270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian	273.01
				Kungurian	Pavlovoposadian	276.8 *
				Artinskian	Pavlovoposadian	283.5
				Artinskian	Rusavkinian	287.6 *
				Sakmarian		290.1
				Asselian		Bursumian †	293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian		Virgilian	298.9
				Gzhelian		Virgilian	Xiaodushanian	300 *
				Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian	Missourian		303.7
					Khamovnikian			304.8
					Krevyakinian		Dalaun	305.8 *
					Krevyakinian	Desmoinesian		305.9 *
				Moscovian	Myachkovian			307
					Podolskian			308.9 *
					Kashirian			311.4 *
					Kashirian	Atokan		312.7 *
					Vereian			313.8
					Melekessian			314.8
				Bashkirian	Melekessian			315.2
					Cheremshanian			316.9 *
						Morrowan		318.4 *
							Huashibanian	318.5 *
					Prikamian			318.6 *
					Severokeltmian			319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian		Lousuan	321.2 *
					Voznesenian		Lousuan	321.9 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian	Dewunian	Chesterian	323.2
					Protvian			324.4 *
					Steshevian			326.8 *
					Tarusian			329 *
					Tarusian	Shangsian		330.8 *
				Visean	Venevian			330.9
					Mikhailovian			331.9 *
					Aleksinian			333.7 *
					Aleksinian	Jiusian		335 *
					Tulian		Meramecian	335.8 *
					Bobrikian		Meramecian	339.9 *
					Bobrikian		Osagean	343.1 *
					Radaevkian			343.4 *
				Tournaisian	Kosvian	Tangbagouan		346.7
					Kizelian			350.7 *
					Cherepetian		Kinderhookian	351.9 *
					Karakubian			354.4 *
					Upinian			356.3 *
					Malevkian			357.6 *
					Gumerovian			358 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian				Adorf	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian				Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Eifelian	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian				Emsian	393.3
	Pragian			Siegen				407.6
	Lochkovian			Gedinnine				410.8
	Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
		Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian					Gleedonian	427.4
			Homerian					Whitwellian	429.7 *
			Sheinwoodian						430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
			Aeronian						438.5
			Rhuddanian						440.8
	Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Bolindian	443.8
Katian			445.2						Bolindian
			Eastonian						449 *
			Gisbornian						452 *
Sandbian			Gisbornian						453
Middle Ordovician		Darriwilian	Darriwilian						458.4
		Dapingian	Yapeenian						467.3
		Dapingian	Castlemainian						468.5 *
Early Ordovician		Floian	Chewtonian						470
			Bendigonian						471.8 *
			Lancefieldian						473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Lancefieldian						477.7
		Tremadocian	Warendian						482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							485.4
		Jiangshanian							489.5
		Paibian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan							504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4							509
	Series 2	Stage 3							514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian							529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian										635
		Tonian										720
		Tonian									Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian									Karatau	1000
		Stenian									Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian									Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian									Burzyan	1375
		Calymmian										1400
	Paleoproterozoic	Statherian										1600
		Orosirian										1800
		Rhyacian										2050
		Siderian										2300
Archean	Neoarchean											2500
	Mesoarchean											2800
	Paleoarchean											3200
	Eoarchean											3600
Hadean												4000
													4600