PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126844 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Precambrian of Russia
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					Oteke	Puaroan		145
				Kimmeridgian					Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
									Kawhia	Ohauan		150
										Heterian		154.5
				Oxfordian								154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian								161.5
				Callovian						Temaikan		164.3
				Bathonian								165.3
				Bajocian								168.2
				Aalenian								170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian								174.7
				Toarcian					Herangi	Ururoan		176
				Pliensbachian						Ururoan		184.2
				Pliensbachian						Aratauran		188.9
				Sinemurian								192.9
				Hettangian								199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					Balfour	Otapirian		201.4
				Norian						Warepan		208.5
										Otamitan		217
										Oretian		221
				Carnian						Oretian		227
				Carnian					Gore	Kaihikuan		227.5
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Kaihikuan		237
				Ladinian						Etalian		238
				Anisian						Etalian		242
				Anisian						Malakovian		246
			Early Triassic	Olenekian						Malakovian		247.2
				Olenekian						Nelsonian		249
				Induan						Nelsonian		251.2
				Induan					DUrville	Makarewan		251.5
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						Makarewan		251.902
				Changhsingian						Waiitian		253.2
				Wuchiapingian						Waiitian		254.14
				Wuchiapingian						Puruhauan		254.2
			Guadalupian	Capitanian					Aparima	Flettian		259.51
				Wordian						Flettian		264.28
				Wordian						Barettian		266
				Roadian								266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
				Kungurian						Mangapirian		276
				Artinskian						Mangapirian		283.5
										Telfordian		285
												288.5
				Sakmarian								290.1
				Asselian								293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
				Kasimovian								303.7
				Moscovian								307
				Bashkirian								315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
				Visean								330.9
				Tournaisian								346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
				Pragian								407.6
				Lochkovian								410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli									419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
			Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
Llandovery			Telychian	433.4
			Aeronian	438.5
			Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian	443.8
			Katian	Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
			Katian	Berounian		449.7 *
			Sandbian			453
						Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
					Liben †			458 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
				Dobrotivian				458.5 *
				Oretanian				459.7 *
					Sarka †			461.7 *
			Dapingian		Klabava †			467.3
			Dapingian	Arenigian				468
		Early Ordovician	Floian	Arenigian				470
		Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
			Jiangshanian					489.5
			Paibian					494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian					497
			Drumian					500.5
			Wuliuan					504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4					509
		Series 2	Stage 3					514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian										635
		Tonian										720
		Tonian									Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian									Karatau	1000
		Stenian									Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian									Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian									Burzyan	1375
												1400