PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Ordovician of the Baltic				Ordovician of North America						Permian of China	Silurian of the Baltic
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian											Meishanian		251.902
		Changhsingian											Baoqingian		253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian											Laoshanian		254.14
		Wuchiapingian											Laibinian		257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian											Lengwuan		259.51
		Wordian											Kuhfengian		264.28
		Roadian											Kuhfengian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian											Luodianian		273.01
		Artinskian											Luodianian		283.5
		Artinskian											Longlinian		285.4 *
		Sakmarian											Longlinian		290.1
		Asselian											Zisongian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian											Zisongian		298.9
		Gzhelian													300.1
		Kasimovian													303.7
		Moscovian													307
		Bashkirian													315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian													323.2
		Visean													330.9
		Tournaisian													346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian													358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian													372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian													382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian													387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian													393.3
		Pragian													407.6
		Lochkovian													410.8
Silurian	Pridoli													Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli													Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian												Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian												Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian												Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian												Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian												Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian												Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian												Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian												Jaani	433.4
		Telychian												Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian												Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian												Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian												Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian												Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni			Cincinnatian	Gamachian							443.8
		Katian		Pirgu				Gamachian							445.2
				Pirgu				Richmondian							446 *
				Vormsi				Richmondian							449.6 *
				Vormsi				Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian						449.8 *
				Nabala	Johvi †			Maysvillian							450 *
				Nabala				Edenian							450.4 *
			Viru	Rakvere				Edenian							450.6 *
				Rakvere			Mohawkian	Chatfieldian							451.1 *
				Oandu											452 *
		Sandbian		Keila	Idavere †										453
				Keila				Turinian							453.7 *
				Haljala											453.9
				Kukruse											456.4 *
				Kukruse			Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor					457 *
				Uhaku	Aluoja †										457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku											458.4
				Lasnamagi											458.9 *
				Aseri											460.4 *
			Oeland	Kunda											462.9 *
				Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum										464.3 *
				Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka									467.1 *
		Dapingian									467.3
								Rangerian			469.1 *
				Billingen				Rangerian			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
					Latorp †							470.1 *
				Hunneberg								473.7 *
								Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Tulean				477.7
								Stairsian				480.3 *
				Varangu				Stairsian				481.3 *
				Varangu				Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
				Pakerort							Demingian †	482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Pakerort								485.4
												486.3 *
												486.5
															487.5