PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Ordovician of the Baltic				Permian of the Salt Range	Central Paratethys Stages	Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Precambrian of Russia
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian							Tertiary †				2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean											3.6
			Miocene	Messinian											5.333
				Tortonian						Pannonian					7.246
				Serravallian						Sarmatian					11.63
				Serravallian						Badenian					12.8 *
				Langhian											13.82
				Burdigalian											15.98
				Aquitanian											20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian											27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian											33.9
				Bartonian											37.71
				Lutetian											41.2
				Ypresian											47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian											56
				Selandian											59.2
				Danian											61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											66
				Campanian											72.1
				Santonian											83.6
				Coniacian											86.3
				Turonian											89.8
				Cenomanian											93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian											100.5
				Aptian											113
				Barremian											121.4
				Hauterivian											125.77
				Valanginian											132.6
				Berriasian											139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian											145
				Kimmeridgian											149.2
				Oxfordian											154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian											161.5
				Bathonian											165.3
				Bajocian											168.2
				Aalenian											170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian											174.7
				Pliensbachian											184.2
				Sinemurian											192.9
				Hettangian											199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian											201.4
				Norian											208.5
				Carnian											227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian											237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian											242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian											247.2
				Induan											251.2
				Induan					Kathwai						251.5 *
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Kathwai						251.902
															252.4 *
									Chhidru						252.9 *
				Wuchiapingian					Chhidru			Longtanian †			254.14
									Kalabagh						255 *
									Wargal						256 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian											259.51
				Wordian											264.28
															265.3 *
									Amb						266.1 *
				Roadian					Amb						266.9
				Roadian											270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian											273.01
				Artinskian											283.5
				Sakmarian											290.1
Asselian				Bursumian †	293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Virgilian	298.9
			Kasimovian	Missourian	303.7
			Kasimovian	Desmoinesian	305.9 *
			Moscovian	Desmoinesian	307
			Moscovian	Atokan	312.7 *
			Bashkirian	Atokan	315.2
			Bashkirian	Morrowan	318.4 *
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chesterian	323.2
			Visean	Chesterian	330.9
				Meramecian	335.8 *
				Osagean	343.1 *
			Tournaisian	Osagean	346.7
			Tournaisian	Kinderhookian	351.9 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian		Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian		Adorf	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian		Givetian	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Eifelian	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian		Emsian	393.3
			Pragian		Siegen	407.6
			Lochkovian		Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian		Pridoli				419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
		Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
			Aeronian			438.5
			Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Harju	Porkuni	443.8
			Katian				Pirgu	445.2
							Vormsi	449.6 *
							Nabala	Johvi †		450 *
						Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
							Oandu			452 *
			Sandbian				Keila	Idavere †		453
							Haljala			453.9
							Kukruse			456.4 *
							Uhaku	Aluoja †		457.5 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku			458.4
							Lasnamagi			458.9 *
							Aseri			460.4 *
						Oeland	Kunda			462.9 *
							Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
							Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
			Dapingian				Volkhov				467.3
			Dapingian				Billingen				469.3 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian								470
								Latorp †			470.1 *
	Hunneberg						473.7 *
	Hunneberg		Tremadocian				477.7
	Varangu						481.3 *
	Pakerort						482.2 *
Cambrian	Pakerort	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
								486.3 *
								486.5
			Jiangshanian					489.5
			Paibian					494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †			497
			Drumian								500.5
			Wuliuan						Stage 5 †		504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4								509
		Series 2	Stage 3								514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2								521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian								529
Proterozoic		Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian	538.8
			Cryogenian											635
			Tonian											720
			Tonian										Karatau	800
		Mesoproterozoic	Stenian										Karatau	1000
			Stenian										Yurmatian	1100
			Ectasian										Yurmatian	1200
			Ectasian										Burzyan	1375
															1400