PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127017 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Ordovician of the Baltic				Permian of the Pamirs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Precambrian of Russia	Ordovician of Britain					Devonian of France
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Triassic	Early Triassic	Olenekian						Vokhmian								247.2
	Mesozoic	Triassic	Early Triassic	Induan						Vokhmian								251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Dorashamian									251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Dzhulfian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian								254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian					Midian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian								259.51
				Wordian					Midian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian								264.28
				Wordian					Murgabian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian								266.2 *
				Roadian					Murgabian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian								266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian					Kubergandian									273.01
				Kungurian					Bolorian									279.8
				Artinskian					Bolorian									283.5
				Artinskian					Yakhtashian									286
				Sakmarian					Sakmarian									290.1
				Asselian					Asselian									293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian														298.9
				Kasimovian														303.7
				Moscovian														307
				Bashkirian														315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian														323.2
				Visean														330.9
				Tournaisian														346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian													Famennian	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian													Frasnian	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian													Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian													Couvinien	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian														393.3
				Pragian														407.6
				Pragian													Coblencien	408.2 *
				Lochkovian													Gedinnine	410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli															419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian														423
			Ludlow	Gorstian														425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian														427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian														430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian														433.4
				Aeronian														438.5
				Rhuddanian														440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju	Porkuni						Ashgill	Hirnantian					443.8
				Katian		Pirgu							Rawtheyan					445.2
													Cautleyan					448.9 *
													Pusgillian					449.3 *
						Vormsi						Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †				449.6 *
						Nabala	Johvi †											450 *
					Viru	Rakvere												450.6 *
						Rakvere							Cheneyan					451.5 *
						Oandu							Cheneyan					452 *
						Oandu							Burrellian					452.7 *
				Sandbian		Keila	Idavere †											453
						Keila								Actonian †				453.2 *
						Haljala								Actonian †				453.9
														Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †			454.2 *
														Longvillian †				455.2 *
						Kukruse												456.4 *
													Aurelucian					456.8 *
														Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.4 *
						Uhaku	Aluoja †							Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.5 *
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku						Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn					458.4
						Lasnamagi												458.9 *
						Aseri												460.4 *
						Aseri							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					461.3 *
					Oeland	Kunda												462.9 *
						Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum											464.3 *
						Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka										467.1 *
				Dapingian														467.3
Arenig											Fennian	468.4 *
						Billingen						469.3 *
	Early Ordovician		Floian	470
				Latorp †				470.1 *
								Whitlandian			471.1 *
						Hunneberg		Whitlandian			473.7 *
								Moridunian			474.3 *
Tremadocian			Tremadoc					Migneintian			477.7
								Cressagian		480.8 *
						Varangu				481.3 *
						Pakerort				482.2 *
										485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Datsonian	485.4
												486.3 *
									486.5
									Payntonian		486.8 *
									Payntonian		Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian							Iverian		Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian							Iverian		Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian							Idamean		Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Marjumian	Albertian †	Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian									Boomerangian	499
		Drumian									Undillan	500.5
		Drumian									Floran	503
		Wuliuan							Topazan		Templetonian	504.5
									Delamaran		Templetonian	506.5
											Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4								Waucoban †	Ordian	509
												510.8 *
									Dyeran			511 *
		Stage 3							Dyeran			514
									Montezuman			514.8 *
									Begadean			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian										529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian				538.8
		Cryogenian														635
		Tonian														720
		Tonian										Karatau				800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian										Karatau				1000
		Stenian										Yurmatian				1100
		Ectasian										Yurmatian				1200
		Ectasian										Burzyan				1375
																		1400