PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126844 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Silurian of North America			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Devonian Subages	Ordovician of the Baltic				Devonian of Germany
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Late Famennian					Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
							Middle Famennian						365.3 *
							Early Famennian						368.5 *
		Frasnian					Late Frasnian					Adorf	372.2
							Middle Frasnian						375.4 *
							Early Frasnian						379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Late Givetian					Givetian	382.7
							Middle Givetian						383.7 *
							Early Givetian						385.9 *
		Eifelian					Late Eifelian					Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian					Early Eifelian					Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Late Emsian					Emsian	393.3
		Emsian					Early Emsian					Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian					Pragian					Siegen	407.6
		Lochkovian					Late Lochkovian					Gedinnine	410.8
							Middle Lochkovian						412.8 *
							Early Lochkovian						415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan										419.2
	Pridoli		Niagaran										422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		Lockportian									427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		Ontarian									433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
					Alexandrian								438.7 *
			Medinan	Clinton									440.1 *
													440.7 *
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Harju	Porkuni				443.8
		Katian							Pirgu				445.2
									Vormsi				449.6 *
									Nabala	Johvi †			450 *
								Viru	Rakvere				450.6 *
									Oandu				452 *
		Sandbian							Keila	Idavere †			453
									Haljala				453.9
									Kukruse				456.4 *
									Uhaku	Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Uhaku				458.4
									Lasnamagi				458.9 *
									Aseri				460.4 *
								Oeland	Kunda				462.9 *
									Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
									Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian							Volkhov				467.3
		Dapingian							Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian											470
										Latorp †			470.1 *
									Hunneberg				473.7 *
		Tremadocian							Hunneberg				477.7
									Varangu				481.3 *
									Pakerort				482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Pakerort				485.4
													486.3 *
													486.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											497
		Guzhangian				Arcadian							498.4
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan											504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Branchian							509
		Stage 3				Branchian							514
		Stage 3				Placentian							517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
													538.8