PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 128057 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Silurian of North America			Permian of China	Ordovician of the Baltic				Devonian of Germany	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Meishanian						Melekhovian	251.902
		Changhsingian				Baoqingian							253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian				Laoshanian							254.14
		Wuchiapingian				Laibinian							257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Lengwuan							259.51
		Wordian				Kuhfengian							264.28
		Wordian										Noginskian	264.9 *
		Roadian											266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian							273.01
		Kungurian										Pavlovoposadian	276.8 *
		Artinskian											283.5
						Longlinian							285.4 *
												Rusavkinian	287.6 *
		Sakmarian											290.1
		Asselian				Zisongian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Zisongian							298.9
		Gzhelian											300.1
		Kasimovian										Dorogomilovian	303.7
												Khamovnikian	304.8
												Krevyakinian	305.8 *
		Moscovian										Myachkovian	307
												Podolskian	308.9 *
												Kashirian	311.4 *
												Vereian	313.8
												Melekessian	314.8
		Bashkirian										Melekessian	315.2
												Cheremshanian	316.9 *
												Prikamian	318.6 *
												Severokeltmian	319.9 *
												Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
												Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										Zapaltjubian	323.2
												Protvian	324.4 *
												Steshevian	326.8 *
												Tarusian	329 *
		Visean										Venevian	330.9
												Mikhailovian	331.9 *
												Aleksinian	333.7 *
												Tulian	335.8 *
												Bobrikian	339.9 *
												Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian										Kosvian	346.7
												Kizelian	350.7 *
												Cherepetian	351.9 *
												Karakubian	354.4 *
												Upinian	356.3 *
												Malevkian	357.6 *
												Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									Adorf		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									Emsian		393.3
		Pragian									Siegen		407.6
		Lochkovian									Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan										419.2
	Pridoli		Niagaran										422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		Lockportian									427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		Ontarian									433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
					Alexandrian								438.7 *
			Medinan	Clinton			440.1 *
							440.7 *
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian						Pirgu	445.2
								Vormsi	449.6 *
								Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
							Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
								Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian						Keila	Idavere †	453
								Haljala		453.9
								Kukruse		456.4 *
								Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Uhaku		458.4
								Lasnamagi		458.9 *
								Aseri		460.4 *
						Oeland	Kunda	462.9 *
							Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
							Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian					Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								470
								Latorp †		470.1 *
							Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian					Hunneberg			477.7
							Varangu			481.3 *
							Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Pakerort			485.4
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								486.3 *
													486.5