PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126864 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Silurian of England		Ordovician of the Baltic				Devonian of Germany	Permian of the Pamirs	Permian of North America		Silurian of the Baltic	Carboniferous of North America	Permian of the Salt Range
Triassic	Early Triassic	Induan													Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian								Dorashamian					Kathwai	251.902
																252.4 *
															Chhidru	252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian								Dzhulfian					Chhidru	254.14
															Kalabagh	255 *
															Wargal	256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								Midian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian									Wordian					264.28
																265.3 *
															Amb	266.1 *
										Murgabian						266.2 *
		Roadian									Roadian					266.9
		Roadian									Roadian					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								Kubergandian	Leonardian	Cathedralian				273.01
										Bolorian		Cathedralian				279.8
												Hessian				281.9 *
		Artinskian														283.5
										Yakhtashian						286
										Yakhtashian	Wolfcampian	Lenoxian				286.1 *
		Sakmarian								Sakmarian		Lenoxian				290.1
		Asselian								Asselian		Nealian		Bursumian †		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian												Virgilian		298.9
		Kasimovian												Missourian		303.7
		Kasimovian												Desmoinesian		305.9 *
		Moscovian												Desmoinesian		307
		Moscovian												Atokan		312.7 *
		Bashkirian												Atokan		315.2
		Bashkirian												Morrowan		318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian												Chesterian		323.2
		Visean												Chesterian		330.9
														Meramecian		335.8 *
														Osagean		343.1 *
		Tournaisian												Osagean		346.7
		Tournaisian												Kinderhookian		351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							Adorf							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							Siegen							407.6
		Lochkovian							Gedinnine							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine									Ohesaare			419.2
				Bringewood/Elton									Ohesaare			421.3
				Bringewood/Elton									Kaugetuma			421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood									Kuressaare			423
		Ludfordian		Wenlock (England)/Tickwood									Paadla			423.4 *
		Gorstian														425.6
		Gorstian		Buildwas												426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian		Buildwas									Rootsikula			427.4
			Wych	Woolhope									Rootsikula			428.4 *
													Jaagarahu			429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian											Jaagarahu			430.5
		Sheinwoodian											Jaani			431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian											Jaani			433.4
													Adavere			434 *
																436.3 *
		Aeronian														438.5
			Cowleigh Park													439.3 *
													Raikkula			439.4 *
		Rhuddanian											Raikkula			440.8
		Rhuddanian											Juuru			441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Harju	Porkuni										443.8
		Katian				Pirgu										445.2
						Vormsi	449.6 *
						Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
					Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
						Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian				Keila	Idavere †	453
						Haljala		453.9
						Kukruse		456.4 *
						Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				Uhaku		458.4
						Lasnamagi		458.9 *
						Aseri		460.4 *
					Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
						Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
						Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka							467.1 *
		Dapingian				Volkhov									467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen									469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian													470
							Latorp †								470.1 *
						Hunneberg									473.7 *
		Tremadocian				Hunneberg									477.7
						Varangu									481.3 *
						Pakerort									482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort				485.4
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								486.3 *
																486.5