PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 128015 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Silurian Ages of Europe	Ordovician of North America					Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Devonian of France	Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of Kazakhstan
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian										Zechstein		254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian										Rotliegendes		259.51
				Wordian												264.28
				Roadian												266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian												273.01
				Artinskian										Autunian		283.5
				Sakmarian												290.1
				Asselian												293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian												298.9
				Kasimovian												303.7
				Moscovian												307
				Bashkirian												315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian												323.2
				Visean												330.9
				Tournaisian												346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									Famennian			358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian									Frasnian			372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian									Givetian			382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian									Couvinien			387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian												393.3
				Pragian												407.6
				Pragian									Coblencien			408.2 *
				Lochkovian									Gedinnine			410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli													419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian												423
			Ludlow	Gorstian												425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian	Gleedonian											427.4
				Homerian	Whitwellian											429.7 *
				Sheinwoodian												430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian												433.4
				Aeronian												438.5
				Rhuddanian												440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Cincinnatian	Gamachian									443.8
				Katian			Gamachian									445.2
							Richmondian									446 *
							Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian								449.8 *
							Edenian									450.4 *
						Mohawkian	Chatfieldian									451.1 *
				Sandbian			Chatfieldian									453
							Turinian									453.7 *
						Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor							457 *
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian												458.4
				Dapingian												467.3
				Dapingian			Rangerian									469.1 *
			Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †						470
				Floian			Tulean									473.9 *
				Tremadocian			Tulean								Ungurian	477.7
							Stairsian									480.3 *
							Skullrockian			Demingian †						482 *
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Skullrockian								Batyrbaian	485.4
				Stage 10												487.5
				Jiangshanian												489.5
															Aksaian	490.7 *
															Sakian	492.2 *
				Paibian											Sakian	494
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Ayusokkanian	497
				Guzhangian												499.5
				Drumian											Zhanaarykian	500.5
				Drumian											Tuesaian	503
				Wuliuan											Tuesaian	504.5
				Wuliuan												505.3
			Series 2	Stage 4												509
															Toyonian	510 *
															Botomian	512.5 *
Stage 3	514														Botomian
Stage 3	Atdabanian			515.6 *
Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Tommotian	521
	Stage 2			525.5
	Fortunian			529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian †	Poundian †			538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian †	Wonokan †			571.7 *
																635