PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127980 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Silurian of the Baltic	Cambrian of Siberia			Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Devonian of Germany	Permian of China	Carboniferous of North America	Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Precambrian of Russia
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							Meishanian						251.902
				Changhsingian							Baoqingian						253.4 *
				Wuchiapingian							Laoshanian						254.14
				Wuchiapingian							Laibinian						257.7 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian							Lengwuan						259.51
				Wordian							Kuhfengian						264.28
				Roadian							Kuhfengian						266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian							Luodianian						273.01
				Artinskian							Luodianian						283.5
				Artinskian							Longlinian						285.4 *
				Sakmarian							Longlinian						290.1
				Asselian							Zisongian	Bursumian †					293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Zisongian	Virgilian					298.9
				Gzhelian								Virgilian					300.1
				Kasimovian								Missourian					303.7
				Kasimovian								Desmoinesian					305.9 *
				Moscovian								Desmoinesian					307
				Moscovian								Atokan					312.7 *
				Bashkirian								Atokan					315.2
				Bashkirian								Morrowan					318.4 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian								Chesterian					323.2
				Visean								Chesterian					330.9
												Meramecian					335.8 *
												Osagean					343.1 *
				Tournaisian								Osagean					346.7
				Tournaisian								Kinderhookian					351.9 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden							358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian						Adorf							372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian					Srbsko	Givetian							382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Chotec	Eifelian							387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian					Daleje/Zlichovian	Emsian							393.3
				Pragian					Pragian	Siegen							407.6
				Lochkovian					Lochkovian	Gedinnine							410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli		Ohesaare												419.2
			Pridoli		Kaugetuma												421.7 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian	Kuressaare												423
				Ludfordian	Paadla												423.4 *
				Gorstian	Paadla												425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula												427.4
				Homerian	Jaagarahu												429.2 *
				Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu												430.5
				Sheinwoodian	Jaani												431.8 *
			Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani												433.4
				Telychian	Adavere												434 *
				Aeronian	Adavere												438.5
				Aeronian	Raikkula												439.4 *
				Rhuddanian	Raikkula												440.8
				Rhuddanian	Juuru												441.4 *
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian													443.8
				Katian													445.2
				Sandbian													453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian													458.4
			Middle Ordovician	Dapingian													467.3
			Early Ordovician	Floian													470
				Tremadocian											Ungurian		477.7
				Tremadocian		Mansian †									Ungurian		483.55 *
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian					Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Batyrbaian		485.4
				Stage 10										Festiniogian			489.2 *
				Jiangshanian													489.5
						Aksaian									Aksaian		490.7 *
						Sakian									Sakian		492.2 *
														Maentwrogian			493.1 *
				Paibian													494
				Paibian				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian									494.7 *
Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Ayusokkanian				St Davids						Ayusokkanian	497
	Guzhangian		Mayan/Menevian											499.5
	Drumian												Zhanaarykian	500.5
	Drumian												Tuesaian	503
	Wuliuan		Amgan/Solvan										Tuesaian	504.5
	Wuliuan													505.3
Series 2	Stage 4						Caerfai							509
			Toyonian	Lenian †									Toyonian	510 *
			Botomian										Botomian	512.5 *
	Stage 3		Botomian										Botomian	514
	Stage 3		Atdabanian										Atdabanian	515.6 *
Terreneuvian	Stage 2		Tommotian										Tommotian	521
	Stage 2		Nemakit-Daldynian											525.5
	Fortunian		Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †							529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran													Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian														635
		Tonian														720
		Tonian													Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian													Karatau	1000
		Stenian													Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian													Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian													Burzyan	1375
																	1400