International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
- F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Silurian of the Baltic | Carboniferous of North America | Silurian of England | Central Paratethys Stages | European Faunal Units | Devonian of Germany | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | Villanyian | 2.58 | ||||||
| Ruscinian | 3.1 * | |||||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | Turolian | 5.333 | |||||||
| Tortonian | Pannonian | 7.246 | ||||||||
| Vallesian | 8.7 | |||||||||
| Serravallian | Sarmatian | Astaracian | 11.63 | |||||||
| Badenian | 12.8 * | |||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
| Burdigalian | Orleanian | 15.98 | ||||||||
| Agenian | 20 | |||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | |||||||
| Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | 33.9 | ||||||||
| Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | 56 | ||||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | |||||||
| Campanian | 72.1 | |||||||||
| Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
| Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||||||
| Aptian | 113 | |||||||||
| Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
| Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||||||
| Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
| Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||||||
| Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||
| Aalenian | 170.9 | |||||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||
| Pliensbachian | 184.2 | |||||||||
| Sinemurian | 192.9 | |||||||||
| Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||||||
| Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
| Carnian | 227 | |||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||||||
| Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | ||||||||
| Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 251.902 | |||||||
| Wuchiapingian | 254.14 | |||||||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | 259.51 | ||||||||
| Wordian | 264.28 | |||||||||
| Roadian | 266.9 | |||||||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | 273.01 | ||||||||
| Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||
| Asselian | Bursumian † | 293.52 | ||||||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | Virgilian | 298.9 | ||||||
| Kasimovian | Missourian | 303.7 | ||||||||
| Desmoinesian | 305.9 * | |||||||||
| Moscovian | 307 | |||||||||
| Atokan | 312.7 * | |||||||||
| Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||
| Morrowan | 318.4 * | |||||||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | Chesterian | 323.2 | |||||||
| Visean | 330.9 | |||||||||
| Meramecian | 335.8 * | |||||||||
| Osagean | 343.1 * | |||||||||
| Tournaisian | 346.7 | |||||||||
| Kinderhookian | 351.9 * | |||||||||
| Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden | 358.9 | ||||||
| Frasnian | Adorf | 372.2 | ||||||||
| Middle Devonian | Givetian | Givetian | 382.7 | |||||||
| Eifelian | Eifelian | 387.7 | ||||||||
| Early Devonian | Emsian | Emsian | 393.3 | |||||||
| Pragian | Siegen | 407.6 | ||||||||
| Lochkovian | Gedinnine | 410.8 | ||||||||
| Silurian | Pridoli | Ohesaare | Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle | Whitcliffe/Leintwardine | 419.2 | |||||
| Bringewood/Elton | 421.3 | |||||||||
| Kaugetuma | 421.7 * | |||||||||
| Ludlow | Ludfordian | Kuressaare | Coalbrookdale | Wenlock (England)/Tickwood | 423 | |||||
| Paadla | 423.4 * | |||||||||
| Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||||||
| Buildwas | 426.4 * | |||||||||
| Wenlock | Homerian | Rootsikula | 427.4 | |||||||
| Wych | Woolhope | 428.4 * | ||||||||
| Jaagarahu | 429.2 * | |||||||||
| Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||||||
| Jaani | 431.8 * | |||||||||
| Llandovery | Telychian | 433.4 | ||||||||
| Adavere | 434 * | |||||||||
| 436.3 * | ||||||||||
| Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||||||
| Cowleigh Park | 439.3 * | |||||||||
| Raikkula | 439.4 * | |||||||||
| Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||||||
| Juuru | 441.4 * | |||||||||
| 443.8 | ||||||||||