PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Devonian of Eastern North America		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Ordovician of Australia	Cambrian of Britain		Ordovician of the Baltic				Precambrian of Russia	Silurian Ages of Europe	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Oteke	Puaroan											145
				Kimmeridgian			Oteke	Puaroan											149.2
							Kawhia	Ohauan											150
								Heterian											154.5
				Oxfordian															154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
				Callovian				Temaikan											164.3
				Bathonian															165.3
				Bajocian															168.2
				Aalenian															170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian															174.7
				Toarcian			Herangi	Ururoan											176
				Pliensbachian				Ururoan											184.2
				Pliensbachian				Aratauran											188.9
				Sinemurian															192.9
				Hettangian															199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Balfour	Otapirian											201.4
				Norian				Warepan											208.5
								Otamitan											217
								Oretian											221
				Carnian				Oretian											227
				Carnian			Gore	Kaihikuan											227.5
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Kaihikuan											237
				Ladinian				Etalian											238
				Anisian				Etalian											242
				Anisian				Malakovian											246
			Early Triassic	Olenekian				Malakovian											247.2
				Olenekian				Nelsonian											249
				Induan				Nelsonian											251.2
				Induan			DUrville	Makarewan											251.5
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Makarewan											251.902
				Changhsingian				Waiitian											253.2
				Wuchiapingian				Waiitian											254.14
				Wuchiapingian				Puruhauan											254.2
			Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian											259.51
				Wordian				Flettian											264.28
				Wordian				Barettian											266
				Roadian															266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian															273.01
				Kungurian				Mangapirian											276
				Artinskian				Mangapirian											283.5
								Telfordian											285
																			288.5
				Sakmarian															290.1
				Asselian															293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian															298.9
				Kasimovian															303.7
				Moscovian															307
				Bashkirian															315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian															323.2
				Visean															330.9
				Tournaisian															346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway													Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian	West Fallsian/Sonyean													Adorf	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian												Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Southwoodian	Cazenovian												Eifelian	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian												Emsian	393.3
				Pragian														Siegen	407.6
				Lochkovian														Gedinnine	410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli																419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian															423
			Ludlow	Gorstian															425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian													Gleedonian		427.4
				Homerian													Whitwellian		429.7 *
Sheinwoodian									430.5
Llandovery			Telychian						433.4
			Aeronian						438.5
			Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Bolindian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
			Katian						Bolindian		Pirgu	445.2
									Eastonian		Pirgu	449 *
											Vormsi	449.6 *
											Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
										Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
									Gisbornian		Oandu		452 *
			Sandbian								Keila	Idavere †	453
											Haljala		453.9
											Kukruse		456.4 *
											Uhaku	Aluoja †	457.5 *
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Darriwilian		Uhaku		458.4
											Lasnamagi		458.9 *
											Aseri		460.4 *
										Oeland	Kunda		462.9 *
											Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
											Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
			Dapingian						Yapeenian					467.3
									Castlemainian					468.5 *
									Castlemainian		Billingen			469.3 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian						Chewtonian					470
									Chewtonian			Latorp †		470.1 *
									Bendigonian					471.8 *
									Lancefieldian					473.5 *
											Hunneberg			473.7 *
			Tremadocian								Hunneberg			477.7
	Varangu										481.3 *
	Pakerort										482.2 *
									Warendian		482.8 *
Cambrian		Furongian	Stage 10								Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan			485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
												Festiniogian			489.2 *
			Jiangshanian									Festiniogian			489.5
			Jiangshanian									Maentwrogian			493.1 *
			Paibian									Maentwrogian			494
		Miaolingian	Guzhangian								St Davids				497
			Drumian												500.5
			Wuliuan				504.5
		Series 2	Stage 4				Caerfai	509
		Series 2	Stage 3					514
		Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
		Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
Proterozoic		Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran												Vendian	538.8
			Cryogenian													635
			Tonian													720
			Tonian												Karatau	800
		Mesoproterozoic	Stenian												Karatau	1000
			Stenian												Yurmatian	1100
			Ectasian												Yurmatian	1200
			Ectasian												Burzyan	1375
																			1400