PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126831 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Devonian of France	Ordovician of Australia	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Precambrian of Russia	Permian of the Pamirs	Carboniferous of China	Permian of the Salt Range
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Oteke	Puaroan						145
				Kimmeridgian			Oteke	Puaroan						149.2
							Kawhia	Ohauan						150
								Heterian						154.5
				Oxfordian										154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian										161.5
				Callovian				Temaikan						164.3
				Bathonian										165.3
				Bajocian										168.2
				Aalenian										170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian										174.7
				Toarcian			Herangi	Ururoan						176
				Pliensbachian				Ururoan						184.2
				Pliensbachian				Aratauran						188.9
				Sinemurian										192.9
				Hettangian										199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Balfour	Otapirian						201.4
				Norian				Warepan						208.5
								Otamitan						217
								Oretian						221
				Carnian				Oretian						227
				Carnian			Gore	Kaihikuan						227.5
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian				Kaihikuan						237
				Ladinian				Etalian						238
				Anisian				Etalian						242
				Anisian				Malakovian						246
			Early Triassic	Olenekian				Malakovian						247.2
				Olenekian				Nelsonian						249
				Induan				Nelsonian						251.2
				Induan			DUrville	Makarewan				Kathwai		251.5 *
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						Dorashamian		Kathwai		251.902
														252.4 *
												Chhidru		252.9 *
								Waiitian						253.2
				Wuchiapingian				Waiitian		Dzhulfian				254.14
								Puruhauan						254.2
												Kalabagh		255 *
												Wargal		256 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian		Midian				259.51
				Wordian										264.28
														265.3 *
								Barettian						266
												Amb		266.1 *
										Murgabian				266.2 *
				Roadian										266.9
				Roadian										270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kubergandian				273.01
								Mangapirian		Kubergandian				276
										Bolorian				279.8
				Artinskian										283.5
								Telfordian						285
								Telfordian		Yakhtashian				286
										Yakhtashian				288.5
				Sakmarian						Sakmarian				290.1
				Asselian						Asselian				293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
				Gzhelian							Xiaodushanian			300 *
				Kasimovian							Xiaodushanian			303.7
				Kasimovian							Dalaun			305.8 *
				Moscovian										307
				Bashkirian										315.2
											Huashibanian			318.5 *
											Lousuan			321.2 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Dewunian			323.2
Shangsian				Serpukhovian	330.8 *
Shangsian				Visean	330.9
Jiusian				Visean	335 *
Tournaisian				Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian	Famennian		358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian	Frasnian		372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian		382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Couvinien		387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
			Pragian			407.6
			Pragian	Coblencien		408.2 *
			Lochkovian	Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian		Pridoli				419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
		Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
			Aeronian			438.5
			Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician		Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Bolindian			443.8
			Katian			Bolindian			445.2
						Eastonian			449 *
						Gisbornian			452 *
			Sandbian			Gisbornian			453
		Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Darriwilian			458.4
			Dapingian			Yapeenian			467.3
			Dapingian			Castlemainian			468.5 *
		Early Ordovician	Floian			Chewtonian			470
						Bendigonian			471.8 *
	Lancefieldian					473.5 *
	Lancefieldian		Tremadocian			477.7
	Warendian		Tremadocian			482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan			485.4
		Stage 10							Sunwaptan		487.5
		Jiangshanian							Sunwaptan		489.5
		Jiangshanian							Steptoean		493 *
		Paibian							Steptoean		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Marjumian			Albertian †		497
		Drumian				Marjumian					500.5
		Wuliuan				Topazan					504.5
		Wuliuan				Delamaran					506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Delamaran			Waucoban †		509
		Stage 4				Dyeran					511 *
		Stage 3				Dyeran					514
						Montezuman					514.8 *
						Begadean					519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian									529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian		538.8
		Cryogenian											635
		Tonian											720
		Tonian					Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian					Karatau	1000
		Stenian					Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian					Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian					Burzyan	1375
														1400