PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 128015 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Devonian of France	Ordovician of the Baltic				Permian Subages of Germany	Permian of North America		Devonian of Germany
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						Buntsandstein				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Buntsandstein				254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Ohre/Aller	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian						Leine	Wordian			264.28
		Roadian							Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Leonardian	Cathedralian		273.01
		Kungurian								Hessian		281.9 *
		Artinskian								Hessian		283.5
		Artinskian							Wolfcampian	Lenoxian		286.1 *
		Sakmarian								Lenoxian		290.1
		Asselian								Nealian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian										298.9
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean										330.9
		Tournaisian										346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Famennian								Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Frasnian								Adorf	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian								Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Couvinien								Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									Emsian	393.3
		Pragian									Siegen	407.6
		Pragian	Coblencien								Siegen	408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine								Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Harju	Porkuni							443.8
		Katian			Pirgu							445.2
					Vormsi							449.6 *
					Nabala	Johvi †						450 *
				Viru	Rakvere							450.6 *
					Oandu							452 *
		Sandbian			Keila	Idavere †						453
					Haljala							453.9
					Kukruse							456.4 *
					Uhaku	Aluoja †						457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Uhaku							458.4
					Lasnamagi							458.9 *
					Aseri							460.4 *
				Oeland	Kunda							462.9 *
					Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum						464.3 *
					Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka					467.1 *
		Dapingian			Volkhov							467.3
		Dapingian			Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian										470
						Latorp †						470.1 *
					Hunneberg							473.7 *
		Tremadocian			Hunneberg							477.7
					Varangu							481.3 *
					Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Pakerort							485.4
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										486.3 *
												486.5