PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Carboniferous of North America	Obsolete Precambrian Ages		Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of Australia	Permian of the Pamirs	Permian of the Salt Range	Cambrian of North America	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Triassic	Early Triassic	Induan							Kathwai			251.5 *
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						Dorashamian	Kathwai			251.902
														252.4 *
											Chhidru			252.9 *
				Wuchiapingian						Dzhulfian	Chhidru			254.14
											Kalabagh			255 *
											Wargal			256 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian						Midian				259.51
				Wordian										264.28
														265.3 *
											Amb			266.1 *
										Murgabian				266.2 *
				Roadian										266.9
				Roadian										270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kubergandian				273.01
				Kungurian						Bolorian				279.8
				Artinskian						Bolorian				283.5
				Artinskian						Yakhtashian				286
				Sakmarian						Sakmarian				290.1
				Asselian	Bursumian †					Asselian				293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Virgilian									298.9
				Kasimovian	Missourian									303.7
				Kasimovian	Desmoinesian									305.9 *
				Moscovian	Desmoinesian									307
				Moscovian	Atokan									312.7 *
				Bashkirian	Atokan									315.2
				Bashkirian	Morrowan									318.4 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chesterian									323.2
				Visean	Chesterian									330.9
					Meramecian									335.8 *
					Osagean									343.1 *
				Tournaisian	Osagean									346.7
				Tournaisian	Kinderhookian									351.9 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian									Adorf	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian									Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian									Eifelian	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian									Emsian	393.3
				Pragian									Siegen	407.6
				Lochkovian									Gedinnine	410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli					Ohesaare						419.2
			Pridoli					Kaugetuma						421.7 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian				Kuressaare						423
				Ludfordian				Paadla						423.4 *
				Gorstian				Paadla						425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian				Rootsikula						427.4
				Homerian				Jaagarahu						429.2 *
				Sheinwoodian				Jaagarahu						430.5
				Sheinwoodian				Jaani						431.8 *
			Llandovery	Telychian				Jaani						433.4
				Telychian				Adavere						434 *
				Aeronian				Adavere						438.5
				Aeronian				Raikkula						439.4 *
				Rhuddanian				Raikkula						440.8
				Rhuddanian				Juuru						441.4 *
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Bolindian					443.8
				Katian					Bolindian					445.2
									Eastonian					449 *
									Gisbornian					452 *
				Sandbian					Gisbornian					453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian					458.4
				Dapingian					Yapeenian					467.3
				Dapingian					Castlemainian					468.5 *
			Early Ordovician	Floian					Chewtonian					470
Bendigonian						471.8 *
Lancefieldian	473.5 *
Lancefieldian	Tremadocian			477.7
Warendian	Tremadocian			482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan		485.4
		Stage 10				Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian				Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian				Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian				Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Marjumian		Albertian †	497
		Drumian		Marjumian			500.5
		Wuliuan		Topazan			504.5
		Wuliuan		Delamaran			506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4		Delamaran		Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4		Dyeran			511 *
		Stage 3		Dyeran			514
				Montezuman			514.8 *
				Begadean			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran					Vendian †		Poundian †			538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran					Vendian †		Wonokan †			571.7 *
														635