International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126973 collections
International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Carboniferous of North America | Cambrian of West Avalonia | Devonian of Czechoslovakia | Permian of China | North American Land Mammal Ages | Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China | Cambrian of Kazakhstan | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Saintaugustinean | 0 | ||||||
Santarosean | 0.0004 | |||||||||
Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||
Rancholabrean | 0.014 | |||||||||
Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
Irvingtonian | 0.21 | |||||||||
Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
Blancan | 1.4 | |||||||||
Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | |||||||
Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
Hemphillian | 4.7 | |||||||||
Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||||||
Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
Clarendonian | 9.4 | |||||||||
Serravallian | 11.63 | |||||||||
Barstovian | 12.5 | |||||||||
Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||||||
Hemingfordian | 16.3 | |||||||||
Arikareean | 18.5 | |||||||||
Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 23.03 | |||||||
Rupelian | 27.82 | |||||||||
Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||||||
Orellan | 31.8 | |||||||||
Eocene | Priabonian | Chadronian | 33.9 | |||||||
Duchesnean | 37 | |||||||||
Bartonian | 37.71 | |||||||||
Uintan | 39.7 | |||||||||
Lutetian | 41.2 | |||||||||
Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||||||
Ypresian | 47.8 | |||||||||
Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||||||
Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||||||
Paleocene | Thanetian | 56 | ||||||||
Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||||||
Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||||||
Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
Puercan | 63.8 | |||||||||
Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | |||||||
Campanian | 72.1 | |||||||||
Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||||
Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||||
Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||||||
Aptian | 113 | |||||||||
Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||||
Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||||
Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||||||
Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||||||
Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||||||
Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||
Aalenian | 170.9 | |||||||||
Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||
Pliensbachian | 184.2 | |||||||||
Sinemurian | 192.9 | |||||||||
Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||
Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||||||
Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
Carnian | 227 | |||||||||
Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||||||
Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | ||||||||
Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | Meishanian | 251.902 | ||||||
Baoqingian | 253.4 * | |||||||||
Wuchiapingian | Laoshanian | 254.14 | ||||||||
Laibinian | 257.7 * | |||||||||
Guadalupian | Capitanian | Lengwuan | 259.51 | |||||||
Wordian | Kuhfengian | 264.28 | ||||||||
Roadian | 266.9 | |||||||||
Cisuralian | Kungurian | Luodianian | 273.01 | |||||||
Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||||||
Longlinian | 285.4 * | |||||||||
Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||
Asselian | Bursumian † | Zisongian | 293.52 | |||||||
Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | Virgilian | Mapingian † | 298.9 | |||||
300.1 | ||||||||||
Kasimovian | Missourian | 303.7 | ||||||||
Desmoinesian | 305.9 * | |||||||||
Moscovian | 307 | |||||||||
Atokan | 312.7 * | |||||||||
Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||
Morrowan | 318.4 * | |||||||||
Mississippian | Serpukhovian | Chesterian | 323.2 | |||||||
Visean | 330.9 | |||||||||
Meramecian | 335.8 * | |||||||||
Osagean | 343.1 * | |||||||||
Tournaisian | 346.7 | |||||||||
Kinderhookian | 351.9 * | |||||||||
Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | 358.9 | |||||||
Frasnian | 372.2 | |||||||||
Middle Devonian | Givetian | Srbsko | 382.7 | |||||||
Eifelian | Chotec | 387.7 | ||||||||
Early Devonian | Emsian | Daleje/Zlichovian | 393.3 | |||||||
Pragian | Pragian | 407.6 | ||||||||
Lochkovian | Lochkovian | 410.8 | ||||||||
Silurian | Pridoli | 419.2 | ||||||||
Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | ||||||||
Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||||||
Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | ||||||||
Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||||||
Llandovery | Telychian | 433.4 | ||||||||
Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||||||
Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||||||
Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | 443.8 | |||||||
Katian | 445.2 | |||||||||
Sandbian | 453 | |||||||||
Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | 458.4 | ||||||||
Dapingian | 467.3 | |||||||||
Early Ordovician | Floian | 470 | ||||||||
Tremadocian | Ungurian | 477.7 | ||||||||
Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Batyrbaian | 485.4 | ||||||
Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||
Aksaian | 490.7 * | |||||||||
Sakian | 492.2 * | |||||||||
Paibian | 494 | |||||||||
Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Ayusokkanian | 497 | |||||||
Arcadian | 498.4 | |||||||||
499.5 | ||||||||||
Drumian | Zhanaarykian | 500.5 | ||||||||
Tuesaian | 503 | |||||||||
Wuliuan | 504.5 | |||||||||
505.3 | ||||||||||
Series 2 | Stage 4 | Branchian | 509 | |||||||
Toyonian | 510 * | |||||||||
Botomian | 512.5 * | |||||||||
Stage 3 | 514 | |||||||||
Atdabanian | 515.6 * | |||||||||
Placentian | 517.1 | |||||||||
Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | Tommotian | 521 | |||||||
525.5 | ||||||||||
Fortunian | 529 | |||||||||
538.8 |