International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.
This timescale is used in the definition of 127969 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China | Mammal Paleogene Zones | Devonian Subages | Permian of China | North American Land Mammal Ages | Devonian of Czechoslovakia | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Saintaugustinean | 0 | ||||||
| Santarosean | 0.0004 | |||||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||
| Rancholabrean | 0.014 | |||||||||
| Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
| Irvingtonian | 0.21 | |||||||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
| Blancan | 1.4 | |||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | |||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
| Hemphillian | 4.7 | |||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
| Clarendonian | 9.4 | |||||||||
| Serravallian | 11.63 | |||||||||
| Barstovian | 12.5 | |||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
| Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||||||
| Hemingfordian | 16.3 | |||||||||
| Arikareean | 18.5 | |||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | 23.03 | |||||
| Rupelian | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | 27.82 | ||||||||
| Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||||||
| Orellan | 31.8 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | Chadronian | 33.9 | ||||||
| Duchesnean | 37 | |||||||||
| Bartonian | MP 16 | 37.71 | ||||||||
| Uintan | 39.7 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | 41.2 | ||||||||
| Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | 47.8 | ||||||||
| Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||||||
| Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | 56 | ||||||
| Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Puercan | 63.8 | |||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | 66 | |||||||
| Campanian | 72.1 | |||||||||
| Santonian | 83.6 | |||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
| Cenomanian | 93.9 | |||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | 100.5 | ||||||||
| Aptian | 113 | |||||||||
| Barremian | 121.4 | |||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
| Valanginian | 132.6 | |||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | 145 | |||||||
| Kimmeridgian | 149.2 | |||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
| Bathonian | 165.3 | |||||||||
| Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||
| Aalenian | 170.9 | |||||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||
| Pliensbachian | 184.2 | |||||||||
| Sinemurian | 192.9 | |||||||||
| Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | 201.4 | |||||||
| Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
| Carnian | 227 | |||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | 237 | ||||||||
| Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | 247.2 | ||||||||
| Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | Meishanian | 251.902 | ||||||
| Baoqingian | 253.4 * | |||||||||
| Wuchiapingian | Laoshanian | 254.14 | ||||||||
| Laibinian | 257.7 * | |||||||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | Lengwuan | 259.51 | |||||||
| Wordian | Kuhfengian | 264.28 | ||||||||
| Roadian | 266.9 | |||||||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | Luodianian | 273.01 | |||||||
| Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||||||
| Longlinian | 285.4 * | |||||||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||
| Asselian | Zisongian | 293.52 | ||||||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | Mapingian † | 298.9 | ||||||
| 300.1 | ||||||||||
| Kasimovian | 303.7 | |||||||||
| 305.9 | ||||||||||
| Moscovian | 307 | |||||||||
| Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | 323.2 | ||||||||
| Visean | 330.9 | |||||||||
| Tournaisian | 346.7 | |||||||||
| Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Late Famennian | 358.9 | ||||||
| Middle Famennian | 365.3 * | |||||||||
| Early Famennian | 368.5 * | |||||||||
| Frasnian | Late Frasnian | 372.2 | ||||||||
| Middle Frasnian | 375.4 * | |||||||||
| Early Frasnian | 379.3 * | |||||||||
| Middle Devonian | Givetian | Late Givetian | Srbsko | 382.7 | ||||||
| Middle Givetian | 383.7 * | |||||||||
| Early Givetian | 385.9 * | |||||||||
| Eifelian | Late Eifelian | Chotec | 387.7 | |||||||
| Early Eifelian | 390.3 * | |||||||||
| Early Devonian | Emsian | Late Emsian | Daleje/Zlichovian | 393.3 | ||||||
| Early Emsian | 398.3 * | |||||||||
| Pragian | Pragian | Pragian | 407.6 | |||||||
| Lochkovian | Late Lochkovian | Lochkovian | 410.8 | |||||||
| Middle Lochkovian | 412.8 * | |||||||||
| Early Lochkovian | 415.6 * | |||||||||
| 419.2 | ||||||||||