PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Ordovician of North America						Ordovician of Australia	Ordovician of the Baltic				Silurian of the Baltic
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Mapingian †													298.9
		Kasimovian	Mapingian †													303.7
		Kasimovian														305.9
		Moscovian														307
		Bashkirian														315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian														323.2
		Visean														330.9
		Tournaisian														346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian														358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian														372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian														382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian														387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian														393.3
		Pragian														407.6
		Lochkovian														410.8
Silurian	Pridoli														Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli														Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian													Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian													Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian													Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian													Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian													Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian													Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian													Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian													Jaani	433.4
		Telychian													Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian													Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian													Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian													Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian													Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Cincinnatian	Gamachian					Bolindian	Harju	Porkuni				443.8
		Katian			Gamachian							Pirgu				445.2
					Richmondian											446 *
										Eastonian						449 *
												Vormsi				449.6 *
					Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian						Vormsi				449.8 *
					Maysvillian							Nabala	Johvi †			450 *
					Edenian							Nabala				450.4 *
					Edenian						Viru	Rakvere				450.6 *
				Mohawkian	Chatfieldian							Rakvere				451.1 *
										Gisbornian		Oandu				452 *
		Sandbian										Keila	Idavere †			453
					Turinian							Keila				453.7 *
												Haljala				453.9
												Kukruse				456.4 *
				Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor					Kukruse				457 *
												Uhaku	Aluoja †			457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Darriwilian		Uhaku				458.4
												Lasnamagi				458.9 *
												Aseri				460.4 *
											Oeland	Kunda				462.9 *
												Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum			464.3 *
												Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian								Yapeenian						467.3
										Castlemainian						468.5 *
					Rangerian											469.1 *
					Rangerian							Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †		Chewtonian						470
										Chewtonian			Latorp †			470.1 *
										Bendigonian						471.8 *
										Lancefieldian						473.5 *
												Hunneberg				473.7 *
					Tulean											473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tulean											477.7
					Stairsian				480.3 *
					Stairsian				Varangu			481.3 *
			Skullrockian		Demingian †			482 *	Varangu
								Pakerort	482.2 *
									Warendian	482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										485.4
												486.3 *
												486.5
																487.5