PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Carboniferous of China	Devonian Subages	Cambrian of West Avalonia	Silurian Ages of Europe	Carboniferous Subepochs	Ordovician of Britain				Ordovician of Australia
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Late Pennsylvanian						298.9
		Gzhelian	Xiaodushanian										300 *
		Kasimovian	Xiaodushanian										303.7
		Kasimovian	Dalaun										305.8 *
		Moscovian					Middle Pennsylvanian						307
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian						315.2
			Huashibanian										318.5 *
			Lousuan										321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Dewunian				Late Mississippian						323.2
		Serpukhovian	Shangsian				Late Mississippian						330.8 *
		Visean	Shangsian				Middle Mississippian						330.9
		Visean	Jiusian				Middle Mississippian						335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan				Early Mississippian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Late Famennian									358.9
				Middle Famennian									365.3 *
				Early Famennian									368.5 *
		Frasnian		Late Frasnian									372.2
				Middle Frasnian									375.4 *
				Early Frasnian									379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Late Givetian									382.7
				Middle Givetian									383.7 *
				Early Givetian									385.9 *
		Eifelian		Late Eifelian									387.7
		Eifelian		Early Eifelian									390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Late Emsian									393.3
		Emsian		Early Emsian									398.3 *
		Pragian		Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian		Late Lochkovian									410.8
				Middle Lochkovian									412.8 *
				Early Lochkovian									415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli												419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Gleedonian							427.4
		Homerian				Whitwellian							429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian											433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Ashgill	Hirnantian			Bolindian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan				445.2
									Cautleyan				448.9 *
									Cautleyan			Eastonian	449 *
									Pusgillian				449.3 *
								Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †			449.6 *
									Cheneyan				451.5 *
									Cheneyan			Gisbornian	452 *
									Burrellian				452.7 *
		Sandbian											453
										Actonian †			453.2 *
										Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †		454.2 *
										Longvillian †			455.2 *
									Aurelucian	Longvillian †			456.8 *
									Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			Darriwilian	458.4
		Darriwilian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Darriwilian	461.3 *
		Dapingian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			Yapeenian	467.3
								Arenig	Fennian			Yapeenian	468.4 *
												Castlemainian	468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian										Chewtonian	470
									Whitlandian			Chewtonian	471.1 *
												Bendigonian	471.8 *
												Lancefieldian	473.5 *
									Moridunian				474.3 *
		Tremadocian			Tremadoc			Migneintian	477.7
								Cressagian	480.8 *
								Cressagian	Warendian			482.8 *
									Warendian			485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										485.4
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										497
		Guzhangian										Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian											500.5
		Wuliuan											504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Branchian	509
		Stage 3										Branchian	514
		Stage 3	Placentian				517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
													538.8