PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127980 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Carboniferous of China	Cambrian of Siberia			Silurian of the Baltic	Devonian of Eastern North America		Precambrian of Russia	Carboniferous of North America	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Cisuralian	Asselian									Bursumian †		293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									Virgilian		298.9
				Gzhelian	Xiaodushanian								Virgilian		300 *
				Kasimovian	Xiaodushanian								Missourian		303.7
					Dalaun								Missourian		305.8 *
													Desmoinesian		305.9 *
				Moscovian									Desmoinesian		307
				Moscovian									Atokan		312.7 *
				Bashkirian									Atokan		315.2
													Morrowan		318.4 *
					Huashibanian										318.5 *
					Lousuan										321.2 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Dewunian								Chesterian		323.2
				Serpukhovian	Shangsian										330.8 *
				Visean	Shangsian										330.9
					Jiusian										335 *
													Meramecian		335.8 *
													Osagean		343.1 *
				Tournaisian	Tangbagouan								Osagean		346.7
				Tournaisian	Tangbagouan								Kinderhookian		351.9 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway				Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian						West Fallsian/Sonyean				Adorf	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian						Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian			Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian						Southwoodian	Cazenovian			Eifelian	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian						Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian			Emsian	393.3
				Pragian										Siegen	407.6
				Lochkovian										Gedinnine	410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli						Ohesaare						419.2
			Pridoli						Kaugetuma						421.7 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian					Kuressaare						423
				Ludfordian					Paadla						423.4 *
				Gorstian					Paadla						425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian					Rootsikula						427.4
				Homerian					Jaagarahu						429.2 *
				Sheinwoodian					Jaagarahu						430.5
				Sheinwoodian					Jaani						431.8 *
			Llandovery	Telychian					Jaani						433.4
				Telychian					Adavere						434 *
				Aeronian					Adavere						438.5
				Aeronian					Raikkula						439.4 *
				Rhuddanian					Raikkula						440.8
				Rhuddanian					Juuru						441.4 *
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											443.8
				Katian											445.2
				Sandbian											453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											458.4
			Middle Ordovician	Dapingian											467.3
			Early Ordovician	Floian											470
				Tremadocian											477.7
				Tremadocian		Mansian †									483.55 *
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian							485.4
				Jiangshanian		Batyrbaian									489.5
						Aksaian									490.7 *
						Sakian									492.2 *
				Paibian											494
				Paibian				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian							494.7 *
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Ayusokkanian									497
				Guzhangian		Mayan/Menevian									499.5
				Drumian		Mayan/Menevian									500.5
				Wuliuan		Amgan/Solvan									504.5
			Series 2	Stage 4		Amgan/Solvan									509
						Toyonian	Lenian †								510 *
						Botomian									512.5 *
				Stage 3		Botomian									514
Atdabanian				Stage 3		515.6 *
Terreneuvian			Stage 2	Tommotian		521
			Stage 2	Nemakit-Daldynian		525.5
	Fortunian		Manykaian †	Nemakit-Daldynian		529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian			538.8
		Cryogenian													635
		Tonian													720
		Tonian										Karatau			800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian										Karatau			1000
		Stenian										Yurmatian			1100
		Ectasian										Yurmatian			1200
		Ectasian										Burzyan			1375
															1400