PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Carboniferous of China	Permian of the Pamirs	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Cenozoic	Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					0
				Northgrippian					0.0042
				Greenlandian					0.0082
			Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					0.0117
				Chibanian					0.129
				Calabrian					0.774
				Gelasian					1.8
		Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian					2.58
			Pliocene	Zanclean					3.6
			Miocene	Messinian					5.333
				Tortonian					7.246
				Serravallian					11.63
				Langhian					13.82
				Burdigalian					15.98
				Aquitanian					20.44
		Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					23.03
			Oligocene	Rupelian					27.82
			Eocene	Priabonian					33.9
				Bartonian					37.71
				Lutetian					41.2
				Ypresian					47.8
			Paleocene	Thanetian					56
				Selandian					59.2
				Danian					61.6
	Mesozoic	Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					66
				Campanian					72.1
				Santonian					83.6
				Coniacian					86.3
				Turonian					89.8
				Cenomanian					93.9
			Early Cretaceous	Albian					100.5
				Aptian					113
				Barremian					121.4
				Hauterivian					125.77
				Valanginian					132.6
				Berriasian					139.8
		Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
				Kimmeridgian					149.2
				Oxfordian					154.8
			Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
				Bathonian					165.3
				Bajocian					168.2
				Aalenian					170.9
			Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
				Pliensbachian					184.2
				Sinemurian					192.9
				Hettangian					199.5
		Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
				Norian					208.5
				Carnian					227
			Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
			Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
			Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
			Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian	Melekhovian		251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Dzhulfian			254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian		Midian			259.51
				Wordian					264.28
							Noginskian		264.9 *
						Murgabian			266.2 *
				Roadian		Murgabian			266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian		Kubergandian			273.01
						Kubergandian	Pavlovoposadian		276.8 *
						Bolorian			279.8
Artinskian				283.5		Bolorian
				Yakhtashian	286
				Yakhtashian	Rusavkinian	287.6 *
Sakmarian				Sakmarian		290.1
Asselian				Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous		Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			298.9
			Gzhelian			Xiaodushanian	300 *
			Kasimovian		Dorogomilovian		303.7
					Khamovnikian		304.8
					Dalaun	Krevyakinian	305.8 *
			Moscovian			Myachkovian	307
						Podolskian	308.9 *
						Kashirian	311.4 *
						Vereian	313.8
						Melekessian	314.8
			Bashkirian			Melekessian	315.2
						Cheremshanian	316.9 *
					Huashibanian	Cheremshanian	318.5 *
						Prikamian	318.6 *
						Severokeltmian	319.9 *
					Lousuan	Krasnopolyanian	321.2 *
					Lousuan	Voznesenian	321.9 *
		Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Dewunian	Zapaltjubian	323.2
						Protvian	324.4 *
						Steshevian	326.8 *
						Tarusian	329 *
					Shangsian	Tarusian	330.8 *
			Visean			Venevian	330.9
						Mikhailovian	331.9 *
						Aleksinian	333.7 *
					Jiusian	Aleksinian	335 *
						Tulian	335.8 *
						Bobrikian	339.9 *
						Radaevkian	343.4 *
			Tournaisian		Tangbagouan	Kosvian	346.7
						Kizelian	350.7 *
						Cherepetian	351.9 *
						Karakubian	354.4 *
						Upinian	356.3 *
						Malevkian	357.6 *
						Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian		Late Devonian	Famennian				Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
		Late Devonian	Frasnian				Adorf	372.2
		Middle Devonian	Givetian				Givetian	382.7
		Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Eifelian	387.7
		Early Devonian	Emsian				Emsian	393.3
			Pragian				Siegen	407.6
			Lochkovian				Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian		Pridoli						419.2
		Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
		Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
		Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
		Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
		Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
	Aeronian		438.5
	Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	485.4
		Jiangshanian	489.5
		Paibian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	497
		Drumian	500.5
		Wuliuan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4	509
	Series 2	Stage 3	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran						538.8
		Cryogenian						635
		Tonian						720
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian						1000
		Ectasian						1200
		Calymmian						1400
	Paleoproterozoic	Statherian						1600
		Orosirian						1800
		Rhyacian						2050
		Siderian						2300
Archean	Neoarchean							2500
	Mesoarchean							2800
	Paleoarchean							3200
	Eoarchean							3600
Hadean								4000
									4600