PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126848 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Carboniferous of Western Europe		Cambrian of Australia	Permian of China	Permian of the Pamirs	Permian of the Russian Platform		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Ordovician of the Baltic		Silurian Ages of Europe	Devonian of Germany
Phanerozoic	Mesozoic	Triassic	Early Triassic	Olenekian								Vokhmian					247.2
	Mesozoic	Triassic	Early Triassic	Induan								Vokhmian					251.2
	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Meishanian	Dorashamian								251.902
				Changhsingian				Baoqingian	Dorashamian								253.4 *
				Wuchiapingian				Laoshanian	Dzhulfian			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian					254.14
								Laoshanian		Tatarian	Vyatkian						256.8 *
								Laibinian			Vyatkian						257.7 *
			Guadalupian	Capitanian				Lengwuan	Midian		Severodvinian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian					259.51
				Wordian				Kuhfengian	Midian		Urzhumian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian					264.28
				Wordian					Murgabian		Urzhumian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian					266.2 *
				Roadian						Kazanian	Povolzhian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian					266.9
				Roadian						Kazanian	Sokian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian					270.7 *
			Cisuralian	Kungurian				Luodianian	Kubergandian	Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian						273.01
									Kubergandian		Filipovian						276.5 *
									Bolorian		Filipovian						279.8
											Saraninian						280.1 *
				Artinskian						Artinskian	Sarginian						283.5
								Longlinian			Sarginian						285.4 *
											Irginian						285.9 *
									Yakhtashian		Irginian						286
									Yakhtashian		Burtsevian						287.8 *
				Sakmarian					Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian						290.1
				Sakmarian					Sakmarian	Sakmarian	Tastubian						291.7 *
				Asselian				Zisongian	Asselian	Asselian	Shikhanian						293.52
											Uskalykian						294.8
											Surenian						297.5
					Kuzel						Surenian						297.7
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian													298.9
																	300.1
					Stephanian	Stephanian C											300.3 *
						Stephanian B											300.9 *
						Stephanian A											301.4 *
				Kasimovian		Stephanian A											303.7
				Kasimovian		Cantabrian											305 *
				Moscovian		Cantabrian											307
					Westphalian	Westphalian D											307.4 *
						Westphalian C											309.8
						Westphalian B											314.6
				Bashkirian		Westphalian B											315.2
						Westphalian A											317 *
					Namurian	Yeadonian											318.8 *
						Marsdenian											320.2 *
						Kinderscoutian											321.5 *
						Alportian											322 *
						Chokierian											323.1 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Chokierian											323.2
						Arnsbergian											324 *
						Pendleian											327.4 *
				Visean	Warnantian	Brigantian †											330.9
					Livian	Asbian †											336.3 *
					Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian											340.2 *
				Tournaisian	Ivorian												346.7
				Tournaisian	Hastarian												353.7 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian												Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian												Adorf	372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian												Givetian	382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian												Eifelian	387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian												Emsian	393.3
				Pragian												Siegen	407.6
				Lochkovian												Gedinnine	410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli														419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian													423
			Ludlow	Gorstian													425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian											Gleedonian		427.4
Whitwellian				Homerian			429.7 *
Sheinwoodian							430.5
Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
	Aeronian		438.5
	Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju				Porkuni						443.8
		Katian					Pirgu						445.2
							Vormsi						449.6 *
							Nabala						Johvi †	450 *
			Viru				Rakvere							450.6 *
							Oandu							452 *
		Sandbian					Keila						Idavere †	453
							Haljala					453.9
							Kukruse					456.4 *
							Uhaku					Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Uhaku						458.4
							Lasnamagi						458.9 *
							Aseri						460.4 *
			Oeland				Kunda						462.9 *
							Kunda					Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
							Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					Volkhov							467.3
		Dapingian					Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian												470
												Latorp †		470.1 *
							Hunneberg							473.7 *
		Tremadocian					Hunneberg							477.7
							Varangu		481.3 *
							Pakerort	482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Pakerort	Datsonian		485.4
										486.3 *
										486.5
								Payntonian		486.8 *
		Jiangshanian						Iverian		489.5
		Paibian						Idamean		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Mindyallan		497
		Guzhangian						Boomerangian		499
		Drumian						Undillan		500.5
		Drumian						Floran		503
		Wuliuan						Templetonian		504.5
		Wuliuan						Ordian		507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4						Ordian		509
		Stage 4								510.8 *
		Stage 3								514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian								529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian		538.8
		Cryogenian												635
		Tonian												720
		Tonian										Karatau		800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian										Karatau		1000
		Stenian				Yurmatian						1100
		Ectasian				Yurmatian						1200
		Ectasian			Burzyan	1375
																	1400