PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Carboniferous of Western Europe		Ordovician of China			Silurian Ages of Europe	Permian of Western Europe	Precambrian of Russia	Silurian of the Baltic
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Zechstein			254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian							Rotliegendes			259.51
				Wordian										264.28
				Roadian										266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian										273.01
				Artinskian							Autunian			283.5
				Sakmarian										290.1
				Asselian										293.52
				Asselian	Kuzel									297.7
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Kuzel									298.9
					Stephanian	Stephanian C								300.3 *
						Stephanian B								300.9 *
						Stephanian A								301.4 *
				Kasimovian		Stephanian A								303.7
				Kasimovian		Cantabrian								305 *
				Moscovian		Cantabrian								307
					Westphalian	Westphalian D								307.4 *
						Westphalian C								309.8
						Westphalian B								314.6
				Bashkirian		Westphalian B								315.2
						Westphalian A								317 *
					Namurian	Yeadonian								318.8 *
						Marsdenian								320.2 *
						Kinderscoutian								321.5 *
						Alportian								322 *
						Chokierian								323.1 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian		Chokierian								323.2
						Arnsbergian								324 *
						Pendleian								327.4 *
				Visean	Warnantian	Brigantian †								330.9
					Livian	Asbian †								336.3 *
					Moliniacian	Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian								340.2 *
				Tournaisian	Ivorian									346.7
				Tournaisian	Hastarian									353.7 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian										372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian										382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian										387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian										393.3
				Pragian										407.6
				Lochkovian										410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli										Ohesaare	419.2
			Pridoli										Kaugetuma	421.7 *
			Ludlow	Ludfordian									Kuressaare	423
				Ludfordian									Paadla	423.4 *
				Gorstian									Paadla	425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian						Gleedonian			Rootsikula	427.4
										Gleedonian			Jaagarahu	429.2 *
										Whitwellian				429.7 *
				Sheinwoodian										430.5
				Sheinwoodian									Jaani	431.8 *
			Llandovery	Telychian									Jaani	433.4
				Telychian									Adavere	434 *
				Aeronian									Adavere	438.5
				Aeronian									Raikkula	439.4 *
				Rhuddanian									Raikkula	440.8
				Rhuddanian									Juuru	441.4 *
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †					443.8
				Katian			Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †					445.2
				Katian			Neichianshanian/Hanjiang							449.5
				Sandbian			Neichianshanian/Hanjiang							453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo						458.4
				Darriwilian			Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo					466.3 *
				Dapingian			Dapingian							467.3
Early Ordovician	Floian		Yiyangian	470
	Tremadocian		Xinchangian	477.7
	Tremadocian		Xinchangian	Lianghekou †			477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						485.4
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						497
		Drumian						500.5
		Wuliuan						504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						509
	Series 2	Stage 3						514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian						529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran									Vendian	538.8
		Cryogenian										635
		Tonian										720
		Tonian									Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian									Karatau	1000
		Stenian									Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian									Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian									Burzyan	1375
														1400