International Chronostratigraphic Timescale
The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:
- K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
- F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
- M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
- A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
- W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show
Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.
This timescale is used in the definition of 126864 collections
| International Chronostratigraphic Timescale | Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform | Mammal Paleogene Zones | Ten Million Year Bins | Permian of China | North American Land Mammal Ages | Devonian of Czechoslovakia | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quaternary | Holocene | Meghalayan | Cenozoic 6 | Saintaugustinean | 0 | |||||
| Santarosean | 0.0004 | |||||||||
| Northgrippian | 0.0042 | |||||||||
| Greenlandian | 0.0082 | |||||||||
| Pleistocene | Late Pleistocene | 0.0117 | ||||||||
| Rancholabrean | 0.014 | |||||||||
| Chibanian | 0.129 | |||||||||
| Irvingtonian | 0.21 | |||||||||
| Calabrian | 0.774 | |||||||||
| Blancan | 1.4 | |||||||||
| Gelasian | 1.8 | |||||||||
| Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian | 2.58 | |||||||
| Zanclean | 3.6 | |||||||||
| Hemphillian | 4.7 | |||||||||
| Miocene | Messinian | 5.333 | ||||||||
| Tortonian | 7.246 | |||||||||
| Clarendonian | 9.4 | |||||||||
| Serravallian | Cenozoic 5 | 11.63 | ||||||||
| Barstovian | 12.5 | |||||||||
| Langhian | 13.82 | |||||||||
| Burdigalian | 15.98 | |||||||||
| Hemingfordian | 16.3 | |||||||||
| Arikareean | 18.5 | |||||||||
| Aquitanian | 20.44 | |||||||||
| Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26 | MP 25 | Cenozoic 4 | 23.03 | ||||
| Rupelian | MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21 | 27.82 | ||||||||
| Whitneyan | 29.5 | |||||||||
| Orellan | 31.8 | |||||||||
| Eocene | Priabonian | MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A | Cenozoic 3 | Chadronian | 33.9 | |||||
| Duchesnean | 37 | |||||||||
| Bartonian | MP 16 | 37.71 | ||||||||
| Uintan | 39.7 | |||||||||
| Lutetian | MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11 | Cenozoic 2 | 41.2 | |||||||
| Bridgerian | 46.2 | |||||||||
| Ypresian | MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7 | 47.8 | ||||||||
| Wasatchian | 50.5 | |||||||||
| Clarkforkian | 54.9 | |||||||||
| Paleocene | Thanetian | MP 6 | MP 1 - 5 | Cenozoic 1 | 56 | |||||
| Tiffanian | 56.2 | |||||||||
| Selandian | 59.2 | |||||||||
| Torrejonian | 60.9 | |||||||||
| Danian | 61.6 | |||||||||
| Puercan | 63.8 | |||||||||
| Cretaceous | Late Cretaceous | Maastrichtian | Cretaceous 8 | 66 | ||||||
| Campanian | Cretaceous 7 | 72.1 | ||||||||
| Santonian | Cretaceous 6 | 83.6 | ||||||||
| Coniacian | 86.3 | |||||||||
| Turonian | 89.8 | |||||||||
| Cenomanian | Cretaceous 5 | 93.9 | ||||||||
| Early Cretaceous | Albian | Cretaceous 4 | 100.5 | |||||||
| Aptian | Cretaceous 3 | 113 | ||||||||
| Barremian | Cretaceous 2 | 121.4 | ||||||||
| Hauterivian | 125.77 | |||||||||
| Valanginian | Cretaceous 1 | 132.6 | ||||||||
| Berriasian | 139.8 | |||||||||
| Jurassic | Late Jurassic | Tithonian | Jurassic 6 | 145 | ||||||
| Kimmeridgian | Jurassic 5 | 149.2 | ||||||||
| Oxfordian | 154.8 | |||||||||
| Middle Jurassic | Callovian | 161.5 | ||||||||
| Bathonian | Jurassic 4 | 165.3 | ||||||||
| Bajocian | 168.2 | |||||||||
| Aalenian | Jurassic 3 | 170.9 | ||||||||
| Early Jurassic | Toarcian | 174.7 | ||||||||
| Pliensbachian | Jurassic 2 | 184.2 | ||||||||
| Sinemurian | Jurassic 1 | 192.9 | ||||||||
| Hettangian | 199.5 | |||||||||
| Triassic | Late Triassic | Rhaetian | Triassic 4 | 201.4 | ||||||
| Norian | 208.5 | |||||||||
| Carnian | Triassic 3 | 227 | ||||||||
| Middle Triassic | Ladinian | Triassic 2 | 237 | |||||||
| Anisian | 242 | |||||||||
| Early Triassic | Olenekian | Triassic 1 | 247.2 | |||||||
| Induan | 251.2 | |||||||||
| Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | Melekhovian | Permian 4 | Meishanian | 251.902 | ||||
| Baoqingian | 253.4 * | |||||||||
| Wuchiapingian | Laoshanian | 254.14 | ||||||||
| Laibinian | 257.7 * | |||||||||
| Guadalupian | Capitanian | Lengwuan | 259.51 | |||||||
| Wordian | Kuhfengian | 264.28 | ||||||||
| Noginskian | 264.9 * | |||||||||
| Roadian | Permian 3 | 266.9 | ||||||||
| Cisuralian | Kungurian | Permian 2 | Luodianian | 273.01 | ||||||
| Pavlovoposadian | 276.8 * | |||||||||
| Artinskian | 283.5 | |||||||||
| Longlinian | 285.4 * | |||||||||
| Rusavkinian | 287.6 * | |||||||||
| Sakmarian | 290.1 | |||||||||
| Asselian | Permian 1 | Zisongian | 293.52 | |||||||
| Carboniferous | Pennsylvanian | Gzhelian | Carboniferous 5 | 298.9 | ||||||
| 300.1 | ||||||||||
| Kasimovian | Dorogomilovian | 303.7 | ||||||||
| Khamovnikian | 304.8 | |||||||||
| Krevyakinian | 305.8 * | |||||||||
| Moscovian | Myachkovian | Carboniferous 4 | 307 | |||||||
| Podolskian | 308.9 * | |||||||||
| Kashirian | 311.4 * | |||||||||
| Vereian | 313.8 | |||||||||
| Melekessian | 314.8 | |||||||||
| Bashkirian | 315.2 | |||||||||
| Cheremshanian | 316.9 * | |||||||||
| Prikamian | 318.6 * | |||||||||
| Severokeltmian | 319.9 * | |||||||||
| Krasnopolyanian | 321.2 * | |||||||||
| Voznesenian | 321.9 * | |||||||||
| Mississippian | Serpukhovian | Zapaltjubian | Carboniferous 3 | 323.2 | ||||||
| Protvian | 324.4 * | |||||||||
| Steshevian | 326.8 * | |||||||||
| Tarusian | 329 * | |||||||||
| Visean | Venevian | Carboniferous 2 | 330.9 | |||||||
| Mikhailovian | 331.9 * | |||||||||
| Aleksinian | 333.7 * | |||||||||
| Tulian | 335.8 * | |||||||||
| Bobrikian | 339.9 * | |||||||||
| Radaevkian | 343.4 * | |||||||||
| Tournaisian | Kosvian | Carboniferous 1 | 346.7 | |||||||
| Kizelian | 350.7 * | |||||||||
| Cherepetian | 351.9 * | |||||||||
| Karakubian | 354.4 * | |||||||||
| Upinian | 356.3 * | |||||||||
| Malevkian | 357.6 * | |||||||||
| Gumerovian | 358 * | |||||||||
| Devonian | Late Devonian | Famennian | Devonian 5 | 358.9 | ||||||
| Frasnian | Devonian 4 | 372.2 | ||||||||
| Middle Devonian | Givetian | Devonian 3 | Srbsko | 382.7 | ||||||
| Eifelian | Chotec | 387.7 | ||||||||
| Early Devonian | Emsian | Devonian 2 | Daleje/Zlichovian | 393.3 | ||||||
| Pragian | Devonian 1 | Pragian | 407.6 | |||||||
| Lochkovian | Lochkovian | 410.8 | ||||||||
| Silurian | Pridoli | Silurian 2 | 419.2 | |||||||
| Ludlow | Ludfordian | 423 | ||||||||
| Gorstian | 425.6 | |||||||||
| Wenlock | Homerian | 427.4 | ||||||||
| Sheinwoodian | 430.5 | |||||||||
| Llandovery | Telychian | Silurian 1 | 433.4 | |||||||
| Aeronian | 438.5 | |||||||||
| Rhuddanian | 440.8 | |||||||||
| Ordovician | Late Ordovician | Hirnantian | Ordovician 5 | 443.8 | ||||||
| Katian | 445.2 | |||||||||
| Sandbian | Ordovician 4 | 453 | ||||||||
| Middle Ordovician | Darriwilian | Ordovician 3 | 458.4 | |||||||
| Dapingian | Ordovician 2 | 467.3 | ||||||||
| Early Ordovician | Floian | 470 | ||||||||
| Tremadocian | Ordovician 1 | 477.7 | ||||||||
| Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | Cambrian 5 | 485.4 | ||||||
| Jiangshanian | 489.5 | |||||||||
| Paibian | 494 | |||||||||
| Miaolingian | Guzhangian | Cambrian 4 | 497 | |||||||
| Drumian | 500.5 | |||||||||
| Wuliuan | Cambrian 3 | 504.5 | ||||||||
| Series 2 | Stage 4 | 509 | ||||||||
| Stage 3 | Cambrian 2 | 514 | ||||||||
| Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | 521 | ||||||||
| Fortunian | Cambrian 1 | 529 | ||||||||
| 538.8 | ||||||||||