PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 127731 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Devonian Subages	Carboniferous Subepochs	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Ordovician of Australia	Cambrian of Britain		Permian of the Pamirs	Obsolete Precambrian Ages	Cambrian of China
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Melekhovian							Dorashamian				251.902
			Lopingian	Wuchiapingian								Dzhulfian				254.14
			Guadalupian	Capitanian								Midian				259.51
				Wordian												264.28
					Noginskian											264.9 *
												Murgabian				266.2 *
				Roadian								Murgabian				266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian								Kubergandian				273.01
					Pavlovoposadian							Kubergandian				276.8 *
												Bolorian				279.8
				Artinskian								Bolorian				283.5
												Yakhtashian				286
					Rusavkinian							Yakhtashian				287.6 *
				Sakmarian								Sakmarian				290.1
				Asselian								Asselian				293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Late Pennsylvanian	Mapingian †								298.9
				Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian											303.7
					Khamovnikian											304.8
					Krevyakinian											305.8 *
					Krevyakinian											305.9
				Moscovian	Myachkovian		Middle Pennsylvanian									307
					Podolskian											308.9 *
					Kashirian											311.4 *
					Vereian											313.8
					Melekessian											314.8
				Bashkirian	Melekessian		Early Pennsylvanian									315.2
					Cheremshanian											316.9 *
					Prikamian											318.6 *
					Severokeltmian											319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian											321.2 *
					Voznesenian											321.9 *
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian		Late Mississippian									323.2
					Protvian											324.4 *
					Steshevian											326.8 *
					Tarusian											329 *
				Visean	Venevian		Middle Mississippian									330.9
					Mikhailovian											331.9 *
					Aleksinian											333.7 *
					Tulian											335.8 *
					Bobrikian											339.9 *
					Radaevkian											343.4 *
				Tournaisian	Kosvian		Early Mississippian									346.7
					Kizelian											350.7 *
					Cherepetian											351.9 *
					Karakubian											354.4 *
					Upinian											356.3 *
					Malevkian											357.6 *
					Gumerovian											358 *
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Late Famennian										358.9
						Middle Famennian										365.3 *
						Early Famennian										368.5 *
				Frasnian		Late Frasnian										372.2
						Middle Frasnian										375.4 *
						Early Frasnian										379.3 *
			Middle Devonian	Givetian		Late Givetian										382.7
						Middle Givetian										383.7 *
						Early Givetian										385.9 *
				Eifelian		Late Eifelian										387.7
				Eifelian		Early Eifelian										390.3 *
			Early Devonian	Emsian		Late Emsian										393.3
				Emsian		Early Emsian										398.3 *
				Pragian		Pragian										407.6
				Lochkovian		Late Lochkovian										410.8
						Middle Lochkovian										412.8 *
Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Bolindian		443.8
		Katian		Bolindian		445.2
				Eastonian		449 *
				Gisbornian		452 *
		Sandbian		Gisbornian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Darriwilian		458.4
		Dapingian		Yapeenian		467.3
		Dapingian		Castlemainian		468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Chewtonian		470
				Bendigonian		471.8 *
				Lancefieldian		473.5 *
		Tremadocian		Lancefieldian		477.7
		Tremadocian		Warendian		482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Merioneth		Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	485.4
		Stage 10						Festiniogian	Niuchehean		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian						Festiniogian	Jiangshanian		489.5
		Jiangshanian						Maentwrogian	Jiangshanian		493.1 *
		Paibian							Paibian		494
		Paibian							Paibian	Waergangian †/Youshuanian	494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				St Davids			Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	497
		Drumian							Drumian	Wangcunian †	500.5
		Wuliuan							Wuliuan/Taijangian		504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Caerfai			Duyunian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3							Nangaoian		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							Meishucunian		521
		Fortunian							Meishucunian		529
		Fortunian							Jinnigian		530.7
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran										Vendian †	Poundian †	Vendian	538.8
		Ediacaran										Vendian †	Wonokan †	Vendian	571.7 *
		Cryogenian													635
		Tonian													720
		Tonian												Karatau	800
	Mesoproterozoic	Stenian												Karatau	1000
		Stenian												Yurmatian	1100
		Ectasian												Yurmatian	1200
		Ectasian												Burzyan	1375
																1400