PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126778 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Devonian of Germany	Devonian of Eastern North America		Cambrian of North America
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian	Melekhovian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Wordian	Noginskian						264.9 *
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Kungurian	Pavlovoposadian						276.8 *
		Artinskian	Pavlovoposadian						283.5
		Artinskian	Rusavkinian						287.6 *
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian	Dorogomilovian						303.7
			Khamovnikian						304.8
			Krevyakinian						305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian						307
			Podolskian						308.9 *
			Kashirian						311.4 *
			Vereian						313.8
			Melekessian						314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian						315.2
			Cheremshanian						316.9 *
			Prikamian						318.6 *
			Severokeltmian						319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian						321.2 *
			Voznesenian						321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian						323.2
			Protvian						324.4 *
			Steshevian						326.8 *
			Tarusian						329 *
		Visean	Venevian						330.9
			Mikhailovian						331.9 *
			Aleksinian						333.7 *
			Tulian						335.8 *
			Bobrikian						339.9 *
			Radaevkian						343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian						346.7
			Kizelian						350.7 *
			Cherepetian						351.9 *
			Karakubian						354.4 *
			Upinian						356.3 *
			Malevkian						357.6 *
			Gumerovian						358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		Adorf	West Fallsian/Sonyean				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Givetian	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Eifelian	Southwoodian	Cazenovian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian			393.3
		Pragian		Siegen					407.6
		Lochkovian		Gedinnine					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							443.8
		Katian							445.2
		Sandbian							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian					470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10						Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian						Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian						Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian						Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian					Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan					Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan					Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4					Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3					Dyeran		514
							Montezuman		514.8 *
							Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian							529
									538.8