PBDB Timescale

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126762 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale					Permian of North America		Obsolete Precambrian Ages
Phanerozoic	Paleozoic	Permian	Guadalupian	Capitanian	Capitanian				259.51
				Wordian	Wordian				264.28
				Roadian	Roadian				266.9
			Cisuralian	Kungurian	Leonardian	Cathedralian			273.01
				Kungurian		Hessian			281.9 *
				Artinskian		Hessian			283.5
				Artinskian	Wolfcampian	Lenoxian			286.1 *
				Sakmarian		Lenoxian			290.1
				Asselian		Nealian			293.52
		Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
				Kasimovian					303.7
				Moscovian					307
				Bashkirian					315.2
			Mississippian	Serpukhovian					323.2
				Visean					330.9
				Tournaisian					346.7
		Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					358.9
			Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
			Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
			Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
			Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
				Pragian					407.6
				Lochkovian					410.8
		Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
			Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
			Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
			Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
			Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
			Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
				Aeronian					438.5
				Rhuddanian					440.8
		Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					443.8
				Katian					445.2
				Sandbian					453
			Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					458.4
			Middle Ordovician	Dapingian					467.3
			Early Ordovician	Floian					470
			Early Ordovician	Tremadocian					477.7
		Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4
				Jiangshanian					489.5
				Paibian					494
			Miaolingian	Guzhangian					497
				Drumian					500.5
				Wuliuan					504.5
			Series 2	Stage 4					509
			Series 2	Stage 3					514
			Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
			Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran					Vendian †	Poundian †	538.8
Proterozoic	Neoproterozoic	Ediacaran					Vendian †	Wonokan †	571.7 *
									635